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<article class="md-content__inner md-typeset">
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<h1 id="cold-standby-backup">Cold-standby backup<a class="headerlink" href="#cold-standby-backup" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h1>
<p>mailcow offers an easy way to create a consistent copy of itself to be rsync'ed to a remote location without downtime.</p>
<p>This may also be used to transfer your mailcow to a new server.</p>
<h2 id="you-should-know">You should know<a class="headerlink" href="#you-should-know" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
<p>The provided script will work on default installations.</p>
<p>It may break when you use unsupported volume overrides. We don't support that and we will not include hacks to support that. Please run and maintain a fork if you plan to keep your changes.</p>
<p>The script will use <strong>the same pathes</strong> as your default mailcow installation. That is the mailcow base directory - for most users <code>/opt/mailcow-dockerized</code> - as well as the mountpoints.</p>
<p>To find the pathes of your source volumes we use <code>docker inspect</code> and read the destination directory of every volume related to your mailcow compose project. This means we will also transfer volumes you may have added in a override file. Local bind mounts may or may not work.</p>
<p>The use rsync with the <code>--delete</code> flag. The destination will be an exact copy of the source.</p>
<p><code>mariabackup</code> is used to create a consistent copy of the SQL data directory.</p>
<p>After rsync'ing the data we will run <code>docker-compose pull</code> and remove old image tags from the destination.</p>
<p>Your source will not be changed at any time.</p>
<p><strong>You may want to make sure to use the same <code>/etc/docker/daemon.json</code> on the remote target.</strong></p>
<p>You should not run disk snapshots (e.g. via ZFS, LVM etc.) on the target at the very same time as this script is run.</p>
<p>Versioning is not part of this script, we rely on the destination (snapshots or backups). You may also want to use any other tool for that.</p>
<h2 id="prepare">Prepare<a class="headerlink" href="#prepare" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
<p>You will need a SSH-enabled destination and a keyfile to connect to said destination. The key should not be protected by a password for the script to work unattended.</p>
<p>In your mailcow base directory, e.g. <code>/opt/mailcow-dockerized</code> you will find a file <code>create_cold_standby.sh</code>.</p>
<p>Edit this file and change the exported variables:</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code>export REMOTE_SSH_KEY=/path/to/keyfile
export REMOTE_SSH_PORT=22
export REMOTE_SSH_HOST=mailcow-backup.host.name
</code></pre></div>
<p>The key must be owned and readable by root only.</p>
<p>Both the source and destination require <code>rsync</code> &gt;= v3.1.0.
The destination must have Docker and docker-compose <strong>v1</strong> available.</p>
<p>The script will detect errors automatically and exit.</p>
<p>You may want to test the connection by running <code>ssh mailcow-backup.host.name -p22 -i /path/to/keyfile</code>.</p>
<h2 id="backup-and-refresh-the-cold-standby">Backup and refresh the cold-standby<a class="headerlink" href="#backup-and-refresh-the-cold-standby" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
<p>Run the first backup, this may take a while depending on the connection:</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code>bash /opt/mailcow-dockerized/create_cold_standby.sh
</code></pre></div>
<p>That was easy, wasn't it?</p>
<p>Updating your cold-standby is just as easy:</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code>bash /opt/mailcow-dockerized/create_cold_standby.sh
</code></pre></div>
<p>It's the same command.</p>
<h2 id="automated-backups-with-cron">Automated backups with cron<a class="headerlink" href="#automated-backups-with-cron" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
<p>First make sure that the <code>cron</code> service is enabled and running:</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code>systemctl enable cron.service &amp;&amp; systemctl start cron.service
</code></pre></div>
<p>To automate the backups to the cold-standby server you can use a cron job. To edit the cron jobs for the root user run:</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code>crontab -e
</code></pre></div>
<p>Add the following lines to synchronize the cold standby server daily at 03:00. In this example errors of the last execution are logged into a file.</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code>PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin
0 3 * * * bash /opt/mailcow-dockerized/create_cold_standby.sh 2&gt; /var/log/mailcow-coldstandby-sync.log
</code></pre></div>
<p>If saved correctly, the cron job should be shown by typing:</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code>crontab -l
</code></pre></div>
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