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                  <a href="https://github.com/mailcow/mailcow-dockerized-docs/edit/master/docs/b_n_r_backup.md" title="Edit this page" class="md-content__button md-icon">
                    <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M20.71 7.04c.39-.39.39-1.04 0-1.41l-2.34-2.34c-.37-.39-1.02-.39-1.41 0l-1.84 1.83 3.75 3.75M3 17.25V21h3.75L17.81 9.93l-3.75-3.75L3 17.25z"/></svg>
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                <h3 id="backup">Backup<a class="headerlink" href="#backup" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
<h4 id="manual">Manual<a class="headerlink" href="#manual" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h4>
<p>You can use the provided script <code>helper-scripts/backup_and_restore.sh</code> to backup mailcow automatically.</p>
<p>Please do not copy this script to another location.</p>
<p>To run a backup, write "backup" as first parameter and either one or more components to backup as following parameters.
You can also use "all" as second parameter to backup all components. Append <code>--delete-days n</code> to delete backups older than n days.</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code># Syntax:
# ./helper-scripts/backup_and_restore.sh backup (vmail|crypt|redis|rspamd|postfix|mysql|all|--delete-days)

# Backup all, delete backups older than 3 days
./helper-scripts/backup_and_restore.sh backup all --delete-days 3

# Backup vmail, crypt and mysql data, delete backups older than 30 days
./helper-scripts/backup_and_restore.sh backup vmail crypt mysql --delete-days 30

# Backup vmail
./helper-scripts/backup_and_restore.sh backup vmail
</code></pre></div>
<p>The script will ask you for a backup location. Inside of this location it will create folders in the format "mailcow_DATE".
You should not rename those folders to not break the restore process.</p>
<p>To run a backup unattended, define MAILCOW_BACKUP_LOCATION as environment variable before starting the script:</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code>MAILCOW_BACKUP_LOCATION=/opt/backup /opt/mailcow-dockerized/helper-scripts/backup_and_restore.sh backup all
</code></pre></div>
<h4 id="cronjob">Cronjob<a class="headerlink" href="#cronjob" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h4>
<p>You can run the backup script regularly via cronjob. Make sure <code>BACKUP_LOCATION</code> exists:</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code>5 4 * * * cd /opt/mailcow-dockerized/; MAILCOW_BACKUP_LOCATION=/mnt/mailcow_backups /opt/mailcow-dockerized/helper-scripts/backup_and_restore.sh backup mysql crypt redis --delete-days 3
</code></pre></div>
<p>Per default cron sends the full result of each backup operation by email. If you want cron to only mail on error (non-zero exit code) you may want to use the following snippet. Pathes need to be modified according to your setup (this script is a user contribution).</p>
<p>This following script may be placed in <code>/etc/cron.daily/mailcow-backup</code> - do not forget to mark it as executable via <code>chmod +x</code>:</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code>#!/bin/sh

# Backup mailcow data
# https://mailcow.github.io/mailcow-dockerized-docs/b_n_r_backup/

set -e

OUT=&quot;$(mktemp)&quot;
export MAILCOW_BACKUP_LOCATION=&quot;/opt/backup&quot;
SCRIPT=&quot;/opt/mailcow-dockerized/helper-scripts/backup_and_restore.sh&quot;
PARAMETERS=&quot;backup all&quot;
OPTIONS=&quot;--delete-days 30&quot;

# run command
set +e
&quot;${SCRIPT}&quot; ${PARAMETERS} ${OPTIONS} 2&gt;&amp;1 &gt; &quot;$OUT&quot;
RESULT=$?

if [ $RESULT -ne 0 ]
    then
            echo &quot;${SCRIPT} ${PARAMETERS} ${OPTIONS} encounters an error:&quot;
            echo &quot;RESULT=$RESULT&quot;
            echo &quot;STDOUT / STDERR:&quot;
            cat &quot;$OUT&quot;
fi
</code></pre></div>
<h1 id="backup-strategy-with-rsync-and-mailcow-backup-script">Backup strategy with rsync and mailcow backup script<a class="headerlink" href="#backup-strategy-with-rsync-and-mailcow-backup-script" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h1>
<p>Create the destination directory for mailcows helper script:
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code>mkdir -p /external_share/backups/backup_script
</code></pre></div></p>
<p>Create cronjobs:
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code>25 1 * * * rsync -aH --delete /opt/mailcow-dockerized /external_share/backups/mailcow-dockerized
40 2 * * * rsync -aH --delete /var/lib/docker/volumes /external_share/backups/var_lib_docker_volumes
5 4 * * * cd /opt/mailcow-dockerized/; BACKUP_LOCATION=/external_share/backups/backup_script /opt/mailcow-dockerized/helper-scripts/backup_and_restore.sh backup mysql crypt redis --delete-days 3
# If you want to, use the acl util to backup permissions of some/all folders/files: getfacl -Rn /path
</code></pre></div></p>
<p>On the destination (in this case <code>/external_share/backups</code>) you may want to have snapshot capabilities (ZFS, Btrfs etc.). Snapshot daily and keep for n days for a consistent backup.
Do <strong>not</strong> rsync to a Samba share, you need to keep the correct permissions!</p>
<p>To restore you'd simply need to run rsync the other way round and restart Docker to re-read the volumes. Run <code>docker-compose pull</code> and <code>docker-compose up -d</code>.</p>
<p>If you are lucky Redis and MariaDB can automatically fix the inconsistent databases (if they <em>are</em> inconsistent).
In case of a corrupted database you'd need to use the helper script to restore the inconsistent elements. If a restore fails, try to extract the backups and copy the files back manually. Keep the file permissions!</p>
                
              
              
                


              
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