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mailcow: dockerized documentation
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Systemvoraussetzungen
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Informationen & Support
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Voraussetzungen
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Voraussetzungen
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Systemvoraussetzungen
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Systemvoraussetzungen
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Inhaltsverzeichnis
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Minimale Systemressourcen
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Beispiele für die Verwendung
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Standard Ports
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Datum und Uhrzeit
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Hetzner Cloud (und wahrscheinlich andere)
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DNS Einstellungen
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Installation, Update und Migration
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< / label >
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< a href = "../../i_u_m/i_u_m_install/" class = "md-nav__link" >
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Installation
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../i_u_m/i_u_m_update/" class = "md-nav__link" >
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Update
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../i_u_m/i_u_m_migration/" class = "md-nav__link" >
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Migration
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../i_u_m/i_u_m_deinstall/" class = "md-nav__link" >
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Deinstallation
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< label class = "md-nav__link" for = "__nav_4" >
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Post-Installationsaufgaben
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< / label >
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< nav class = "md-nav" aria-label = "Post-Installationsaufgaben" data-md-level = "1" >
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< label class = "md-nav__title" for = "__nav_4" >
< span class = "md-nav__icon md-icon" > < / span >
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Post-Installationsaufgaben
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../post_installation/firststeps-ssl/" class = "md-nav__link" >
Erweitertes SSL
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../post_installation/firststeps-disable_ipv6/" class = "md-nav__link" >
IPv6 deaktivieren
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< / a >
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../post_installation/firststeps-dmarc_reporting/" class = "md-nav__link" >
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DMARC Reporting
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../post_installation/firststeps-ip_bindings/" class = "md-nav__link" >
IP-Verbindungen
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../post_installation/firststeps-local_mta/" class = "md-nav__link" >
Lokaler MTA auf Docker-Host
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< / a >
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../post_installation/firststeps-logging/" class = "md-nav__link" >
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Logging
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../post_installation/firststeps-rp/" class = "md-nav__link" >
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Reverse Proxy
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../post_installation/firststeps-rspamd_ui/" class = "md-nav__link" >
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Rspamd UI
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< / a >
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../post_installation/firststeps-snat/" class = "md-nav__link" >
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SNAT
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../post_installation/firststeps-sync_jobs_migration/" class = "md-nav__link" >
Migration von Sync-Jobs
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< label class = "md-nav__link" for = "__nav_5" >
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Modelle
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< / label >
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< nav class = "md-nav" aria-label = "Modelle" data-md-level = "1" >
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< label class = "md-nav__title" for = "__nav_5" >
< span class = "md-nav__icon md-icon" > < / span >
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Modelle
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< / label >
< ul class = "md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix >
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../models/model-acl/" class = "md-nav__link" >
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ACL
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../models/model-passwd/" class = "md-nav__link" >
Passwort-Hashing
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../models/model-sender_rcv/" class = "md-nav__link" >
Sender- und Empfängermodell
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< label class = "md-nav__link" for = "__nav_6" >
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Allgemeine Fehlersuche
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< span class = "md-nav__icon md-icon" > < / span >
< / label >
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< nav class = "md-nav" aria-label = "Allgemeine Fehlersuche" data-md-level = "1" >
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< label class = "md-nav__title" for = "__nav_6" >
< span class = "md-nav__icon md-icon" > < / span >
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Allgemeine Fehlersuche
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< / label >
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../troubleshooting/debug/" class = "md-nav__link" >
Einführung
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../troubleshooting/debug-admin_login_sogo/" class = "md-nav__link" >
Admin-Anmeldung bei SOGo
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../troubleshooting/debug-rspamd_memory_leaks/" class = "md-nav__link" >
Fortgeschritten: Memory-Leaks in Rspamd finden
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../troubleshooting/debug-attach_service/" class = "md-nav__link" >
In einen Container wechseln (CLI)
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< / a >
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../troubleshooting/debug-common_problems/" class = "md-nav__link" >
Häufig auftretende Probleme
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../troubleshooting/debug-logs/" class = "md-nav__link" >
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Logs
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< / a >
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../troubleshooting/debug-mysql_upgrade/" class = "md-nav__link" >
Manuelles MySQL-Upgrade
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< / a >
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../troubleshooting/debug-mysql_aria/" class = "md-nav__link" >
Abgestürzte Aria-Speicher-Engine wiederherstellen
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< / a >
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../troubleshooting/debug-rm_volumes/" class = "md-nav__link" >
Persistente Daten löschen
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< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../troubleshooting/debug-reset_pw/" class = "md-nav__link" >
Passwörter zurücksetzen (inkl. SQL)
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< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../troubleshooting/debug-reset_tls/" class = "md-nav__link" >
TLS-Zertifikate zurücksetzen
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< / a >
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< label class = "md-nav__link" for = "__nav_7" >
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Sichern & Wiederherstellen
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< span class = "md-nav__icon md-icon" > < / span >
< / label >
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< nav class = "md-nav" aria-label = "Sichern & Wiederherstellen" data-md-level = "1" >
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< label class = "md-nav__title" for = "__nav_7" >
< span class = "md-nav__icon md-icon" > < / span >
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Sichern & Wiederherstellen
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< / label >
< ul class = "md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix >
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< li class = "md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested" >
< input class = "md-nav__toggle md-toggle" data-md-toggle = "__nav_7_1" type = "checkbox" id = "__nav_7_1" >
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< label class = "md-nav__link" for = "__nav_7_1" >
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Sicherung und Wiederherstellung von Komponenten
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< / label >
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< nav class = "md-nav" aria-label = "Sicherung und Wiederherstellung von Komponenten" data-md-level = "2" >
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< label class = "md-nav__title" for = "__nav_7_1" >
< span class = "md-nav__icon md-icon" > < / span >
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Sicherung und Wiederherstellung von Komponenten
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< / label >
< ul class = "md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix >
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../backup_restore/b_n_r-backup/" class = "md-nav__link" >
Sicherung
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< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../backup_restore/b_n_r-restore/" class = "md-nav__link" >
Wiederherstellung
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< / ul >
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../backup_restore/b_n_r-coldstandby/" class = "md-nav__link" >
Cold-standby (rollende Sicherung)
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< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested" >
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< input class = "md-nav__toggle md-toggle" data-md-toggle = "__nav_7_3" type = "checkbox" id = "__nav_7_3" >
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< label class = "md-nav__link" for = "__nav_7_3" >
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Manuelle Sicherung
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< / label >
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< nav class = "md-nav" aria-label = "Manuelle Sicherung" data-md-level = "2" >
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< label class = "md-nav__title" for = "__nav_7_3" >
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< span class = "md-nav__icon md-icon" > < / span >
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Manuelle Sicherung
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< / label >
< ul class = "md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix >
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../backup_restore/b_n_r-backup_restore-maildir/" class = "md-nav__link" >
Mail-Verzeichnis
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< / a >
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../backup_restore/b_n_r-backup_restore-mysql/" class = "md-nav__link" >
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MySQL (mysqldump)
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< / ul >
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< li class = "md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested" >
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< input class = "md-nav__toggle md-toggle" data-md-toggle = "__nav_7_4" type = "checkbox" id = "__nav_7_4" >
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< label class = "md-nav__link" for = "__nav_7_4" >
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Interne mailcow Sicherungen
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< span class = "md-nav__icon md-icon" > < / span >
< / label >
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< nav class = "md-nav" aria-label = "Interne mailcow Sicherungen" data-md-level = "2" >
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< label class = "md-nav__title" for = "__nav_7_4" >
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< span class = "md-nav__icon md-icon" > < / span >
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Interne mailcow Sicherungen
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< / label >
< ul class = "md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix >
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../backup_restore/b_n_r-accidental_deletion/" class = "md-nav__link" >
Versehentlich gelöschte Daten wiederherstellen
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< / a >
< / li >
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< / ul >
< / nav >
< / li >
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< / ul >
< / nav >
< / li >
< li class = "md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested" >
< input class = "md-nav__toggle md-toggle" data-md-toggle = "__nav_8" type = "checkbox" id = "__nav_8" >
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< label class = "md-nav__link" for = "__nav_8" >
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Anleitungen/Beispiele
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< span class = "md-nav__icon md-icon" > < / span >
< / label >
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< nav class = "md-nav" aria-label = "Anleitungen/Beispiele" data-md-level = "1" >
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< label class = "md-nav__title" for = "__nav_8" >
< span class = "md-nav__icon md-icon" > < / span >
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Anleitungen/Beispiele
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< / label >
< ul class = "md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix >
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< li class = "md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested" >
< input class = "md-nav__toggle md-toggle" data-md-toggle = "__nav_8_1" type = "checkbox" id = "__nav_8_1" >
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< label class = "md-nav__link" for = "__nav_8_1" >
mailcow UI
< span class = "md-nav__icon md-icon" > < / span >
< / label >
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< nav class = "md-nav" aria-label = "mailcow UI" data-md-level = "2" >
< label class = "md-nav__title" for = "__nav_8_1" >
< span class = "md-nav__icon md-icon" > < / span >
mailcow UI
< / label >
< ul class = "md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix >
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../manual-guides/mailcow-UI/u_e-mailcow_ui-bl_wl/" class = "md-nav__link" >
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Blacklist / Whitelist
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< / a >
< / li >
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2021-05-28 11:12:28 +02:00
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../manual-guides/mailcow-UI/u_e-mailcow_ui-config/" class = "md-nav__link" >
Konfiguration
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< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../manual-guides/mailcow-UI/u_e-mailcow_ui-css/" class = "md-nav__link" >
CSS-Ãœberschreibungen
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< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../manual-guides/mailcow-UI/u_e-mailcow_ui-pushover/" class = "md-nav__link" >
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Pushover
< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../manual-guides/mailcow-UI/u_e-mailcow_ui-spamfilter/" class = "md-nav__link" >
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Spamfilter
< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../manual-guides/mailcow-UI/u_e-mailcow_ui-tagging/" class = "md-nav__link" >
Tagging (Markierungen)
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< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../manual-guides/mailcow-UI/u_e-mailcow_ui-spamalias/" class = "md-nav__link" >
Temporäre E-Mail-Aliase
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< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../manual-guides/mailcow-UI/u_e-mailcow_ui-tfa/" class = "md-nav__link" >
Zwei-Faktoren-Authentifizierung
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< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../manual-guides/mailcow-UI/u_e-mailcow_ui-fido/" class = "md-nav__link" >
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WebAuthn / FIDO2
< / a >
< / li >
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< / ul >
< / nav >
< / li >
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< li class = "md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested" >
< input class = "md-nav__toggle md-toggle" data-md-toggle = "__nav_8_2" type = "checkbox" id = "__nav_8_2" >
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< label class = "md-nav__link" for = "__nav_8_2" >
Postfix
< span class = "md-nav__icon md-icon" > < / span >
< / label >
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< nav class = "md-nav" aria-label = "Postfix" data-md-level = "2" >
< label class = "md-nav__title" for = "__nav_8_2" >
< span class = "md-nav__icon md-icon" > < / span >
Postfix
< / label >
< ul class = "md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix >
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../manual-guides/Postfix/u_e-postfix-trust_networks/" class = "md-nav__link" >
Vertrauenswürdige Netzwerke hinzufügen
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< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../manual-guides/Postfix/u_e-postfix-custom_transport/" class = "md-nav__link" >
Benutzerdefinierte Transportmaps
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< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../manual-guides/Postfix/u_e-postfix-extra_cf/" class = "md-nav__link" >
main.cf anpassen/erweitern
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< / a >
< / li >
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2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../manual-guides/Postfix/u_e-postfix-disable_sender_verification/" class = "md-nav__link" >
Überprüfung der Absenderadressen deaktivieren
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< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../manual-guides/Postfix/u_e-postfix-attachment_size/" class = "md-nav__link" >
Maximale Nachrichtengröße (Größe des Anhangs)
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< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../manual-guides/Postfix/u_e-postfix-relayhost/" class = "md-nav__link" >
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Relayhosts
< / a >
< / li >
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2021-09-23 20:30:54 +02:00
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../manual-guides/Postfix/u_e-postfix-pflogsumm/" class = "md-nav__link" >
Statistik mit pflogsumm
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< / a >
< / li >
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2021-09-08 11:41:26 +02:00
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../manual-guides/Postfix/u_e-postfix-postscreen_whitelist/" class = "md-nav__link" >
IP in Postscreen auf die Whitelist setzen
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< / a >
< / li >
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< / ul >
< / nav >
< / li >
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2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
< li class = "md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested" >
< input class = "md-nav__toggle md-toggle" data-md-toggle = "__nav_8_3" type = "checkbox" id = "__nav_8_3" >
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< label class = "md-nav__link" for = "__nav_8_3" >
Unbound
< span class = "md-nav__icon md-icon" > < / span >
< / label >
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< nav class = "md-nav" aria-label = "Unbound" data-md-level = "2" >
< label class = "md-nav__title" for = "__nav_8_3" >
< span class = "md-nav__icon md-icon" > < / span >
Unbound
< / label >
< ul class = "md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix >
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../manual-guides/Unbound/u_e-unbound-fwd/" class = "md-nav__link" >
Verwendung eines externen DNS-Dienstes
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< / a >
< / li >
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< / ul >
< / nav >
< / li >
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2021-09-23 20:30:54 +02:00
2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
< li class = "md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested" >
< input class = "md-nav__toggle md-toggle" data-md-toggle = "__nav_8_4" type = "checkbox" id = "__nav_8_4" >
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< label class = "md-nav__link" for = "__nav_8_4" >
Dovecot
< span class = "md-nav__icon md-icon" > < / span >
< / label >
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< nav class = "md-nav" aria-label = "Dovecot" data-md-level = "2" >
< label class = "md-nav__title" for = "__nav_8_4" >
< span class = "md-nav__icon md-icon" > < / span >
Dovecot
< / label >
< ul class = "md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix >
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../manual-guides/Dovecot/u_e-dovecot-extra_conf/" class = "md-nav__link" >
Anpassen/Erweitern von dovecot.conf
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< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../manual-guides/Dovecot/u_e-dovecot-any_acl/" class = "md-nav__link" >
Aktivierung von "any" ACL-Einstellungen
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< / a >
< / li >
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2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
2021-09-23 20:30:54 +02:00
2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../manual-guides/Dovecot/u_e-dovecot-expunge/" class = "md-nav__link" >
Löschen der Mails eines Benutzers
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< / a >
< / li >
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2021-09-23 20:30:54 +02:00
2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../manual-guides/Dovecot/u_e-dovecot-fts/" class = "md-nav__link" >
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FTS (Solr)
< / a >
< / li >
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2021-09-23 20:30:54 +02:00
2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../manual-guides/Dovecot/u_e-dovecot-idle_interval/" class = "md-nav__link" >
IMAP IDLE-Intervall
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< / a >
< / li >
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2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
2021-09-23 20:30:54 +02:00
2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
2022-02-04 14:27:16 +01:00
< a href = "../../manual-guides/Dovecot/u_e-dovecot-mail-crypt/" class = "md-nav__link" >
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Mail crypt
< / a >
< / li >
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2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
2021-09-23 20:30:54 +02:00
2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
2022-02-04 14:27:16 +01:00
< a href = "../../manual-guides/Dovecot/u_e-dovecot-more/" class = "md-nav__link" >
Weitere Beispiele mit DOVEADM
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< / a >
< / li >
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2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
2021-09-23 20:30:54 +02:00
2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../manual-guides/Dovecot/u_e-dovecot-vmail-volume/" class = "md-nav__link" >
Maildir verschieben (vmail)
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< / a >
< / li >
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2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
2021-09-23 20:30:54 +02:00
2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
2022-02-04 14:27:16 +01:00
< a href = "../../manual-guides/Dovecot/u_e-dovecot-public_folder/" class = "md-nav__link" >
Öffentliche Ordner
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< / a >
< / li >
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2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
2021-09-23 20:30:54 +02:00
2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../manual-guides/Dovecot/u_e-dovecot-static_master/" class = "md-nav__link" >
Statischer Hauptbenutzer
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< / a >
< / li >
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2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
2021-09-23 20:47:28 +02:00
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
2022-02-04 14:27:16 +01:00
< a href = "../../manual-guides/Dovecot/u_e-dovecot-catchall_vacation/" class = "md-nav__link" >
Urlaubsantworten für Catchall-Adressen
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< / a >
< / li >
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< / ul >
< / nav >
< / li >
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2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
2021-09-23 20:30:54 +02:00
2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
< li class = "md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested" >
< input class = "md-nav__toggle md-toggle" data-md-toggle = "__nav_8_5" type = "checkbox" id = "__nav_8_5" >
2021-09-23 20:30:54 +02:00
< label class = "md-nav__link" for = "__nav_8_5" >
Nginx
< span class = "md-nav__icon md-icon" > < / span >
< / label >
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< nav class = "md-nav" aria-label = "Nginx" data-md-level = "2" >
< label class = "md-nav__title" for = "__nav_8_5" >
< span class = "md-nav__icon md-icon" > < / span >
Nginx
< / label >
< ul class = "md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix >
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2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../manual-guides/Nginx/u_e-nginx_webmail-site/" class = "md-nav__link" >
Subdomäne webmail.example.org erstellen
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< / li >
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../manual-guides/Nginx/u_e-nginx_custom/" class = "md-nav__link" >
Benutzerdefinierte Seiten
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< li class = "md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested" >
< input class = "md-nav__toggle md-toggle" data-md-toggle = "__nav_8_6" type = "checkbox" id = "__nav_8_6" >
< label class = "md-nav__link" for = "__nav_8_6" >
Watchdog
< span class = "md-nav__icon md-icon" > < / span >
< / label >
< nav class = "md-nav" aria-label = "Watchdog" data-md-level = "2" >
< label class = "md-nav__title" for = "__nav_8_6" >
< span class = "md-nav__icon md-icon" > < / span >
Watchdog
< / label >
< ul class = "md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix >
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../manual-guides/Watchdog/u_e-watchdog-thresholds/" class = "md-nav__link" >
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Thresholds
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< / ul >
< / nav >
< / li >
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../manual-guides/Redis/u_e-redis/" class = "md-nav__link" >
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Redis
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< / li >
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../manual-guides/Rspamd/u_e-rspamd/" class = "md-nav__link" >
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Rspamd
< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../manual-guides/SOGo/u_e-sogo/" class = "md-nav__link" >
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SOGo
< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested" >
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< input class = "md-nav__toggle md-toggle" data-md-toggle = "__nav_8_10" type = "checkbox" id = "__nav_8_10" >
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< label class = "md-nav__link" for = "__nav_8_10" >
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Docker
< span class = "md-nav__icon md-icon" > < / span >
< / label >
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< nav class = "md-nav" aria-label = "Docker" data-md-level = "2" >
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< label class = "md-nav__title" for = "__nav_8_10" >
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< span class = "md-nav__icon md-icon" > < / span >
Docker
< / label >
< ul class = "md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix >
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../manual-guides/Docker/u_e-docker-cust_dockerfiles/" class = "md-nav__link" >
Dockerfiles anpassen
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< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../manual-guides/Docker/u_e-docker-dc_bash_compl/" class = "md-nav__link" >
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Docker Compose Bash Completion
< / a >
< / li >
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< / ul >
< / nav >
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../manual-guides/u_e-why_unbound/" class = "md-nav__link" >
Warum unbound?
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< / li >
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../manual-guides/u_e-autodiscover_config/" class = "md-nav__link" >
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Autodiscover / Autoconfig
< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../manual-guides/u_e-80_to_443/" class = "md-nav__link" >
HTTP auf HTTPS umleiten
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< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../manual-guides/u_e-reeanble-weak-protocols/" class = "md-nav__link" >
TLS 1.0 und TLS 1.1 wieder aktivieren
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< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../manual-guides/u_e-update-hooks/" class = "md-nav__link" >
Skripte vor und nach Aktualisierungen ausführen
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< / a >
< / li >
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< / ul >
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< li class = "md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested" >
< input class = "md-nav__toggle md-toggle" data-md-toggle = "__nav_9" type = "checkbox" id = "__nav_9" >
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< label class = "md-nav__link" for = "__nav_9" >
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Client-Konfiguration
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< span class = "md-nav__icon md-icon" > < / span >
< / label >
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< nav class = "md-nav" aria-label = "Client-Konfiguration" data-md-level = "1" >
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< label class = "md-nav__title" for = "__nav_9" >
< span class = "md-nav__icon md-icon" > < / span >
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Client-Konfiguration
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< / label >
< ul class = "md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix >
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../client/client/" class = "md-nav__link" >
Ãœbersicht
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< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../client/client-android/" class = "md-nav__link" >
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Android
< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../client/client-apple/" class = "md-nav__link" >
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Apple macOS / iOS
< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../client/client-emclient/" class = "md-nav__link" >
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eM Client
< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../client/client-kontact/" class = "md-nav__link" >
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KDE Kontact
< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../client/client-outlook/" class = "md-nav__link" >
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Microsoft Outlook
< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../client/client-thunderbird/" class = "md-nav__link" >
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Mozilla Thunderbird
< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../client/client-windows/" class = "md-nav__link" >
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Windows Mail
< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../client/client-manual/" class = "md-nav__link" >
Manuelle Konfiguration
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< / a >
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< / ul >
< / nav >
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< li class = "md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested" >
< input class = "md-nav__toggle md-toggle" data-md-toggle = "__nav_10" type = "checkbox" id = "__nav_10" >
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< label class = "md-nav__link" for = "__nav_10" >
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Anwendungen von Drittanbietern
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< span class = "md-nav__icon md-icon" > < / span >
< / label >
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< nav class = "md-nav" aria-label = "Anwendungen von Drittanbietern" data-md-level = "1" >
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< label class = "md-nav__title" for = "__nav_10" >
< span class = "md-nav__icon md-icon" > < / span >
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Anwendungen von Drittanbietern
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< / label >
< ul class = "md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix >
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../third_party/third_party-borgmatic/" class = "md-nav__link" >
Borgmatic-Sicherung
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< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../third_party/third_party-exchange_onprem/" class = "md-nav__link" >
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Exchange Hybrid Setup
< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../third_party/third_party-gitea/" class = "md-nav__link" >
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Gitea
< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../third_party/third_party-gogs/" class = "md-nav__link" >
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Gogs
< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../third_party/third_party-mailman3/" class = "md-nav__link" >
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Mailman 3
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< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../third_party/third_party-mailpiler_integration/" class = "md-nav__link" >
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Mailpiler Integration
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< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../third_party/third_party-nextcloud/" class = "md-nav__link" >
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Nextcloud
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< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../third_party/third_party-portainer/" class = "md-nav__link" >
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Portainer
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< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../third_party/third_party-roundcube/" class = "md-nav__link" >
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Roundcube
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< / a >
< / li >
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< / ul >
< / nav >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / nav >
< / div >
< / div >
< / div >
< div class = "md-sidebar md-sidebar--secondary" data-md-component = "sidebar" data-md-type = "toc" >
< div class = "md-sidebar__scrollwrap" >
< div class = "md-sidebar__inner" >
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< nav class = "md-nav md-nav--secondary" aria-label = "Inhaltsverzeichnis" >
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2021-04-20 22:16:43 +02:00
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< label class = "md-nav__title" for = "__toc" >
< span class = "md-nav__icon md-icon" > < / span >
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Inhaltsverzeichnis
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< / label >
< ul class = "md-nav__list" data-md-component = "toc" data-md-scrollfix >
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "#minimale-systemressourcen" class = "md-nav__link" >
Minimale Systemressourcen
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< / a >
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< nav class = "md-nav" aria-label = "Minimale Systemressourcen" >
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< ul class = "md-nav__list" >
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "#beispiele-fur-die-verwendung" class = "md-nav__link" >
Beispiele für die Verwendung
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< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / nav >
< / li >
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
< a href = "#firewall-ports" class = "md-nav__link" >
Firewall & Ports
< / a >
< nav class = "md-nav" aria-label = "Firewall & Ports" >
< ul class = "md-nav__list" >
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "#standard-ports" class = "md-nav__link" >
Standard Ports
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< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "#wichtig-fur-hetzner-firewalls" class = "md-nav__link" >
Wichtig für Hetzner Firewalls
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< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / nav >
< / li >
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "#datum-und-uhrzeit" class = "md-nav__link" >
Datum und Uhrzeit
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< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "#hetzner-cloud-und-wahrscheinlich-andere" class = "md-nav__link" >
Hetzner Cloud (und wahrscheinlich andere)
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< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
< a href = "#mtu" class = "md-nav__link" >
MTU
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / nav >
< / div >
< / div >
< / div >
< div class = "md-content" data-md-component = "content" >
< article class = "md-content__inner md-typeset" >
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< a href = "https://github.com/mailcow/mailcow-dockerized-docs/edit/master/docs/prerequisite/prerequisite-system.de.md" title = "Seite editieren" class = "md-content__button md-icon" >
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< / a >
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< h1 > Systemvoraussetzungen< / h1 >
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< p > Bevor Sie < strong > mailcow: dockerized< / strong > ausführen, sollten Sie einige Voraussetzungen überprüfen:< / p >
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< div class = "admonition warning" >
< p class = "admonition-title" > Warning< / p >
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< p > Versuchen Sie < strong > nicht< / strong > , mailcow auf einem Synology/QNAP-Gerät (jedes NAS), OpenVZ, LXC oder anderen Container-Plattformen zu installieren. KVM, ESX, Hyper-V und andere vollständige Virtualisierungsplattformen werden unterstützt.< / p >
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< / div >
< div class = "admonition info" >
< p class = "admonition-title" > Info< / p >
< ul >
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< li > mailcow: dockerized erfordert, dass < a href = "#standard-ports" > einige Ports< / a > für eingehende Verbindungen offen sind, also stellen Sie sicher, dass Ihre Firewall diese nicht blockiert.< / li >
< li > Stellen Sie sicher, dass keine andere Anwendung die Konfiguration von mailcow stört, wie z.B. ein anderer Maildienst< / li >
< li > Ein korrektes DNS-Setup ist entscheidend für jedes gute Mailserver-Setup, also stellen Sie bitte sicher, dass Sie zumindest die < a href = "../prerequisite-dns/#die-minimale-dns-konfiguration" > basics< / a > abgedeckt haben, bevor Sie beginnen!< / li >
< li > Stellen Sie sicher, dass Ihr System ein korrektes Datum und eine korrekte < a href = "#datum-und-uhrzeit" > Zeiteinstellung< / a > hat. Dies ist entscheidend für verschiedene Komponenten wie die Zwei-Faktor-TOTP-Authentifizierung.< / li >
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< / ul >
< / div >
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< h2 id = "minimale-systemressourcen" > Minimale Systemressourcen< a class = "headerlink" href = "#minimale-systemressourcen" title = "Permanent link" > ¶ < / a > < / h2 >
< p > < strong > OpenVZ, Virtuozzo und LXC werden nicht unterstützt< / strong > .< / p >
< p > Bitte stellen Sie sicher, dass Ihr System mindestens über die folgenden Ressourcen verfügt:< / p >
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< table >
< thead >
< tr >
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< th > Ressource< / th >
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< th > mailcow: dockerized< / th >
< / tr >
< / thead >
< tbody >
< tr >
< td > CPU< / td >
< td > 1 GHz< / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
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< td > RAM< / td >
< td > < strong > Minimum< / strong > 6 GiB + 1 GiB Swap (Standardkonfiguration)< / td >
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< / tr >
< tr >
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< td > Festplatte< / td >
< td > 20 GiB (ohne Emails)< / td >
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< / tr >
< tr >
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< td > Systemtyp< / td >
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< td > x86_64< / td >
< / tr >
< / tbody >
< / table >
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< p > Wir empfehlen, jede Distribution zu verwenden, die von Docker CE unterstützt wird (siehe < a href = "https://docs.docker.com/install/" > https://docs.docker.com/install/< / a > ). Wir testen auf CentOS 7, Debian 10/11 und Ubuntu 18.04/20.04.< / p >
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< p > ClamAV und Solr können gierig nach RAM sein. Sie können diese in der < code > mailcow.conf< / code > durch die Einstellungen < code > SKIP_CLAMD=y< / code > und < code > SKIP_SOLR=y< / code > deaktivieren.< / p >
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< p > < strong > Info< / strong > : Wir sind uns bewusst, dass ein reiner MTA auf 128 MiB RAM laufen kann. mailcow ist eine ausgewachsene und gebrauchsfertige Groupware mit vielen Extras, die das Leben einfacher machen. mailcow kommt mit einem Webserver, Webmailer, ActiveSync (MS), Antivirus, Antispam, Indexierung (Solr), Dokumentenscanner (Oletools), SQL (MariaDB), Cache (Redis), MDA, MTA, verschiedenen Webdiensten etc.< / p >
< p > Ein einzelner SOGo-Worker < strong > kann< / strong > ~350 MiB RAM belegen, bevor er geleert wird. Je mehr ActiveSync-Verbindungen Sie verwenden möchten, desto mehr RAM wird benötigt. In der Standardkonfiguration werden 20 Arbeiter erzeugt.< / p >
< h4 id = "beispiele-fur-die-verwendung" > Beispiele für die Verwendung< a class = "headerlink" href = "#beispiele-fur-die-verwendung" title = "Permanent link" > ¶ < / a > < / h4 >
< p > Ein Unternehmen mit 15 Telefonen (EAS aktiviert) und etwa 50 gleichzeitigen IMAP-Verbindungen sollte 16 GiB RAM einplanen.< / p >
< p > 6 GiB RAM + 1 GiB Swap sind für die meisten privaten Installationen ausreichend, während 8 GiB RAM für ~5 bis 10 Benutzer empfohlen werden.< / p >
< p > Im Rahmen unseres Supports können wir Ihnen bei der korrekten Planung Ihres Setups helfen.< / p >
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< h2 id = "firewall-ports" > Firewall & Ports< a class = "headerlink" href = "#firewall-ports" title = "Permanent link" > ¶ < / a > < / h2 >
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< p > Bitte überprüfen Sie, ob alle Standard-Ports von mailcow offen sind und nicht von anderen Anwendungen genutzt werden:< / p >
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< div class = "highlight" > < pre > < span > < / span > < code > ss -tlpn | grep -E -w ' 25|80|110|143|443|465|587|993|995|4190|5222|5269|5443'
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# oder:
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netstat -tulpn | grep -E -w ' 25|80|110|143|443|465|587|993|995|4190|5222|5269|5443'
< / code > < / pre > < / div >
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< div class = "admonition warnung" >
< p class = "admonition-title" > Warnung< / p >
< p > Es gibt einige Probleme mit dem Betrieb von mailcow auf einem Firewalld/ufw aktivierten System. Sie sollten es deaktivieren (wenn möglich) und stattdessen Ihren Regelsatz in die DOCKER-USER-Kette verschieben, die nicht durch einen Neustart des Docker-Dienstes gelöscht wird. Siehe < a href = "https://blog.donnex.net/docker-and-iptables-filtering/" > diese (blog.donnex.net)< / a > oder < a href = "https://unrouted.io/2017/08/15/docker-firewall/" > diese (unrouted.io)< / a > Anleitung für Informationen darüber, wie man iptables-persistent mit der DOCKER-USER Kette benutzt.
Da mailcow im Docker-Modus läuft, haben INPUT-Regeln keinen Effekt auf die Beschränkung des Zugriffs auf mailcow. Verwenden Sie stattdessen die FORWARD-Kette.< / p >
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< / div >
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< p > Wenn dieser Befehl irgendwelche Ergebnisse liefert, entfernen oder stoppen Sie bitte die Anwendung, die auf diesem Port läuft. Sie können mailcows Ports auch über die Konfigurationsdatei < code > mailcow.conf< / code > anpassen.< / p >
< h3 id = "standard-ports" > Standard Ports< a class = "headerlink" href = "#standard-ports" title = "Permanent link" > ¶ < / a > < / h3 >
< p > Wenn Sie eine Firewall vor mailcow haben, stellen Sie bitte sicher, dass diese Ports für eingehende Verbindungen offen sind:< / p >
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< table >
< thead >
< tr >
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< th > Dienst< / th >
< th align = "center" > Protokoll< / th >
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< th align = "left" > Port< / th >
< th align = "left" > Container< / th >
< th > Variable< / th >
< / tr >
< / thead >
< tbody >
< tr >
< td > Postfix SMTP< / td >
< td align = "center" > TCP< / td >
< td align = "left" > 25< / td >
< td align = "left" > postfix-mailcow< / td >
< td > < code > ${SMTP_PORT}< / code > < / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > Postfix SMTPS< / td >
< td align = "center" > TCP< / td >
< td align = "left" > 465< / td >
< td align = "left" > postfix-mailcow< / td >
< td > < code > ${SMTPS_PORT}< / code > < / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
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< td > Postfix Submission< / td >
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< td align = "center" > TCP< / td >
< td align = "left" > 587< / td >
< td align = "left" > postfix-mailcow< / td >
< td > < code > ${SUBMISSION_PORT}< / code > < / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > Dovecot IMAP< / td >
< td align = "center" > TCP< / td >
< td align = "left" > 143< / td >
< td align = "left" > dovecot-mailcow< / td >
< td > < code > ${IMAP_PORT}< / code > < / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > Dovecot IMAPS< / td >
< td align = "center" > TCP< / td >
< td align = "left" > 993< / td >
< td align = "left" > dovecot-mailcow< / td >
< td > < code > ${IMAPS_PORT}< / code > < / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > Dovecot POP3< / td >
< td align = "center" > TCP< / td >
< td align = "left" > 110< / td >
< td align = "left" > dovecot-mailcow< / td >
< td > < code > ${POP_PORT}< / code > < / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > Dovecot POP3S< / td >
< td align = "center" > TCP< / td >
< td align = "left" > 995< / td >
< td align = "left" > dovecot-mailcow< / td >
< td > < code > ${POPS_PORT}< / code > < / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > Dovecot ManageSieve< / td >
< td align = "center" > TCP< / td >
< td align = "left" > 4190< / td >
< td align = "left" > dovecot-mailcow< / td >
< td > < code > ${SIEVE_PORT}< / code > < / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > HTTP(S)< / td >
< td align = "center" > TCP< / td >
< td align = "left" > 80/443< / td >
< td align = "left" > nginx-mailcow< / td >
< td > < code > ${HTTP_PORT}< / code > / < code > ${HTTPS_PORT}< / code > < / td >
< / tr >
< / tbody >
< / table >
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< p > Um einen Dienst an eine IP-Adresse zu binden, können Sie die IP-Adresse wie folgt voranstellen: < code > SMTP_PORT=1.2.3.4:25< / code > < / p >
< p > < strong > Wichtig< / strong > : Sie können keine IP:PORT-Bindungen in HTTP_PORT und HTTPS_PORT verwenden. Bitte verwenden Sie stattdessen < code > HTTP_PORT=1234< / code > und < code > HTTP_BIND=1.2.3.4< / code > .< / p >
< h3 id = "wichtig-fur-hetzner-firewalls" > Wichtig für Hetzner Firewalls< a class = "headerlink" href = "#wichtig-fur-hetzner-firewalls" title = "Permanent link" > ¶ < / a > < / h3 >
< p > Ich zitiere < a href = "https://github.com/chermsen" > https://github.com/chermsen< / a > über < a href = "https://github.com/mailcow/mailcow-dockerized/issues/497#issuecomment-469847380" > https://github.com/mailcow/mailcow-dockerized/issues/497#issuecomment-469847380< / a > (DANKE!):< / p >
< p > Für alle, die mit der Hetzner-Firewall zu kämpfen haben:< / p >
< p > Port 53 ist in diesem Fall für die Firewall-Konfiguration unwichtig. Laut Dokumentation verwendet unbound den Portbereich 1024-65535 für ausgehende Anfragen.
Da es sich bei der Hetzner Robot Firewall um eine statische Firewall handelt (jedes eingehende Paket wird isoliert geprüft) - müssen die folgenden Regeln angewendet werden:< / p >
< p > < strong > Für TCP< / strong >
< div class = "highlight" > < pre > < span > < / span > < code > SRC-IP: ---
DST-IP: ---
SRC-Port: ---
DST-Port: 1024-65535
Protokoll: tcp
TCP-Flags: ack
Aktion: Akzeptieren
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< / code > < / pre > < / div > < / p >
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< p > < strong > Für UDP< / strong >
< div class = "highlight" > < pre > < span > < / span > < code > SRC-IP: ---
DST-IP: ---
SRC-Port: ---
DST-Port: 1024-65535
Protokoll: udp
Aktion: Akzeptieren
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< / code > < / pre > < / div > < / p >
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< p > Wenn man einen restriktiveren Portbereich anwenden will, muss man zuerst die Konfiguration von unbound ändern (nach der Installation):< / p >
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< p > {mailcow-dockerized}/data/conf/unbound/unbound.conf:
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< div class = "highlight" > < pre > < span > < / span > < code > ausgehender-Port-vermeiden: 0-32767
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< / code > < / pre > < / div > < / p >
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< p > Nun können die Firewall-Regeln wie folgt angepasst werden:< / p >
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< div class = "highlight" > < pre > < span > < / span > < code > [...]
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DST Port: 32768-65535
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[...]
< / code > < / pre > < / div >
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< h2 id = "datum-und-uhrzeit" > Datum und Uhrzeit< a class = "headerlink" href = "#datum-und-uhrzeit" title = "Permanent link" > ¶ < / a > < / h2 >
< p > Um sicherzustellen, dass Sie das richtige Datum und die richtige Zeit auf Ihrem System eingestellt haben, überprüfen Sie bitte die Ausgabe von < code > timedatectl status< / code > :< / p >
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< div class = "highlight" > < pre > < span > < / span > < code > $ timedatectl status
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Lokale Zeit: Sat 2017-05-06 02:12:33 CEST
Weltzeit: Sa 2017-05-06 00:12:33 UTC
RTC-Zeit: Sa 2017-05-06 00:12:32
Zeitzone: Europa/Berlin (MESZ, +0200)
NTP aktiviert: ja
NTP synchronisiert: ja
RTC in lokaler TZ: nein
Sommerzeit aktiv: ja
Letzte DST-Änderung: Sommerzeit begann am
Sonne 2017-03-26 01:59:59 MEZ
So 2017-03-26 03:00:00 MESZ
Nächste Sommerzeitänderung: Die Sommerzeit endet (die Uhr springt eine Stunde rückwärts) am
Sun 2017-10-29 02:59:59 MESZ
Sun 2017-10-29 02:00:00 MEZ
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< / code > < / pre > < / div >
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< p > Die Zeilen < code > NTP aktiviert: ja< / code > und < code > NTP synchronisiert: ja< / code > zeigen an, ob Sie NTP aktiviert haben und ob es synchronisiert ist.< / p >
< p > Um NTP zu aktivieren, müssen Sie den Befehl < code > timedatectl set-ntp true< / code > ausführen. Sie müssen auch Ihre < code > /etc/systemd/timesyncd.conf< / code > bearbeiten:< / p >
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< div class = "highlight" > < pre > < span > < / span > < code > # vim /etc/systemd/timesyncd.conf
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[Zeit]
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NTP=0.pool.ntp.org 1.pool.ntp.org 2.pool.ntp.org 3.pool.ntp.org
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< / code > < / pre > < / div >
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< h2 id = "hetzner-cloud-und-wahrscheinlich-andere" > Hetzner Cloud (und wahrscheinlich andere)< a class = "headerlink" href = "#hetzner-cloud-und-wahrscheinlich-andere" title = "Permanent link" > ¶ < / a > < / h2 >
< p > Prüfen Sie < code > /etc/network/interfaces.d/50-cloud-init.cfg< / code > und ändern Sie die IPv6-Schnittstelle von eth0:0 auf eth0:< / p >
< div class = "highlight" > < pre > < span > < / span > < code > # Falsch:
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auto eth0:0
iface eth0:0 inet6 static
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# Richtig:
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auto eth0
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iface eth0 inet6 statisch
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< / code > < / pre > < / div >
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< p > Starten Sie die Schnittstelle neu oder starten Sie sie neu.
Vielleicht möchten Sie < a href = "https://wiki.hetzner.de/index.php/Cloud_IP_static/en#disable_cloud-init_network_changes" > cloud-init Netzwerkänderungen deaktivieren.< / a > < / p >
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< h2 id = "mtu" > MTU< a class = "headerlink" href = "#mtu" title = "Permanent link" > ¶ < / a > < / h2 >
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< p > Besonders relevant für OpenStack-Benutzer: Überprüfen Sie Ihre MTU und setzen Sie sie entsprechend in docker-compose.yml. Siehe < strong > 4.1< / strong > in < a href = "../../i_u_m/i_u_m_install/" > unseren Installationsanleitungen< / a > .< / p >
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< a href = "https://github.com/mailcow" target = "_blank" rel = "noopener" title = "github.com" class = "md-social__link" >
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< a href = "https://twitter.com/mailcow_email" target = "_blank" rel = "noopener" title = "twitter.com" class = "md-social__link" >
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< / body >
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