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Prepare your system
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Prerequisites
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Prerequisites
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Prepare your system
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Prepare your system
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Minimum System Resources
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../i_u_m/i_u_m_migration/" class = "md-nav__link" >
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Migration
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../i_u_m/i_u_m_deinstall/" class = "md-nav__link" >
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Deinstallation
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< / ul >
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< li class = "md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested" >
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< label class = "md-nav__link" for = "__nav_4" >
Post Installation Tasks
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< / label >
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< nav class = "md-nav" aria-label = "Post Installation Tasks" data-md-level = "1" >
< label class = "md-nav__title" for = "__nav_4" >
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Post Installation Tasks
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< ul class = "md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix >
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../post_installation/firststeps-ssl/" class = "md-nav__link" >
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Advanced SSL
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< / li >
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../post_installation/firststeps-disable_ipv6/" class = "md-nav__link" >
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Disable IPv6
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< / li >
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../post_installation/firststeps-dmarc_reporting/" class = "md-nav__link" >
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DMARC Reporting
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../post_installation/firststeps-ip_bindings/" class = "md-nav__link" >
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IP bindings
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../post_installation/firststeps-local_mta/" class = "md-nav__link" >
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Local MTA on Docker host
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../post_installation/firststeps-logging/" class = "md-nav__link" >
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Logging
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../post_installation/firststeps-rp/" class = "md-nav__link" >
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Reverse Proxy
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../post_installation/firststeps-rspamd_ui/" class = "md-nav__link" >
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Rspamd UI
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< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../post_installation/firststeps-snat/" class = "md-nav__link" >
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SNAT
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< / li >
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../post_installation/firststeps-sync_jobs_migration/" class = "md-nav__link" >
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Sync job migration
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< / li >
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< / ul >
< / nav >
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< li class = "md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested" >
< input class = "md-nav__toggle md-toggle" data-md-toggle = "__nav_5" type = "checkbox" id = "__nav_5" >
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< label class = "md-nav__link" for = "__nav_5" >
Models
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< / label >
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< nav class = "md-nav" aria-label = "Models" data-md-level = "1" >
< label class = "md-nav__title" for = "__nav_5" >
< span class = "md-nav__icon md-icon" > < / span >
Models
< / label >
< ul class = "md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix >
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../models/model-acl/" class = "md-nav__link" >
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ACL
< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../models/model-passwd/" class = "md-nav__link" >
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Password hashing
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< / li >
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../models/model-sender_rcv/" class = "md-nav__link" >
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Sender and receiver model
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< / li >
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< / ul >
< / nav >
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< li class = "md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested" >
< input class = "md-nav__toggle md-toggle" data-md-toggle = "__nav_6" type = "checkbox" id = "__nav_6" >
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< label class = "md-nav__link" for = "__nav_6" >
General Troubleshooting
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< / label >
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< nav class = "md-nav" aria-label = "General Troubleshooting" data-md-level = "1" >
< label class = "md-nav__title" for = "__nav_6" >
< span class = "md-nav__icon md-icon" > < / span >
General Troubleshooting
< / label >
< ul class = "md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix >
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../troubleshooting/debug/" class = "md-nav__link" >
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Introduction
< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../troubleshooting/debug-admin_login_sogo/" class = "md-nav__link" >
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Admin login to SOGo
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< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../troubleshooting/debug-rspamd_memory_leaks/" class = "md-nav__link" >
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Advanced: Find memory leaks in Rspamd
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< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../troubleshooting/debug-attach_service/" class = "md-nav__link" >
Attach to a Container
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< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../troubleshooting/debug-common_problems/" class = "md-nav__link" >
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Common Problems
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../troubleshooting/debug-logs/" class = "md-nav__link" >
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Logs
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../troubleshooting/debug-mysql_upgrade/" class = "md-nav__link" >
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Manual MySQL upgrade
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< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../troubleshooting/debug-mysql_aria/" class = "md-nav__link" >
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Recover crashed Aria storage engine
< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../troubleshooting/debug-rm_volumes/" class = "md-nav__link" >
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Remove Persistent Data
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< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../troubleshooting/debug-reset_pw/" class = "md-nav__link" >
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Reset Passwords (incl. SQL)
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< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../troubleshooting/debug-reset_tls/" class = "md-nav__link" >
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Reset TLS certificates
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< / a >
< / li >
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< / ul >
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< li class = "md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested" >
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< label class = "md-nav__link" for = "__nav_7" >
Backup & Restore
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< / label >
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< nav class = "md-nav" aria-label = "Backup & Restore" data-md-level = "1" >
< label class = "md-nav__title" for = "__nav_7" >
< span class = "md-nav__icon md-icon" > < / span >
Backup & Restore
< / label >
< ul class = "md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix >
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< li class = "md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested" >
< input class = "md-nav__toggle md-toggle" data-md-toggle = "__nav_7_1" type = "checkbox" id = "__nav_7_1" >
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< label class = "md-nav__link" for = "__nav_7_1" >
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Component backup & restore
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< span class = "md-nav__icon md-icon" > < / span >
< / label >
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< nav class = "md-nav" aria-label = "Component backup & restore" data-md-level = "2" >
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< label class = "md-nav__title" for = "__nav_7_1" >
< span class = "md-nav__icon md-icon" > < / span >
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Component backup & restore
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< / label >
< ul class = "md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix >
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../backup_restore/b_n_r-backup/" class = "md-nav__link" >
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Backup
< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../backup_restore/b_n_r-restore/" class = "md-nav__link" >
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Restore
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< / li >
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< / ul >
< / nav >
< / li >
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../backup_restore/b_n_r-coldstandby/" class = "md-nav__link" >
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Cold-standby (rolling backup)
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< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested" >
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< input class = "md-nav__toggle md-toggle" data-md-toggle = "__nav_7_3" type = "checkbox" id = "__nav_7_3" >
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< label class = "md-nav__link" for = "__nav_7_3" >
Manual backups
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< span class = "md-nav__icon md-icon" > < / span >
< / label >
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< nav class = "md-nav" aria-label = "Manual backups" data-md-level = "2" >
< label class = "md-nav__title" for = "__nav_7_3" >
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< span class = "md-nav__icon md-icon" > < / span >
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Manual backups
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< / label >
< ul class = "md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix >
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../backup_restore/b_n_r-backup_restore-maildir/" class = "md-nav__link" >
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Maildir
< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../backup_restore/b_n_r-backup_restore-mysql/" class = "md-nav__link" >
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MySQL (mysqldump)
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< / a >
< / li >
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< / ul >
< / nav >
< / li >
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< li class = "md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested" >
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< input class = "md-nav__toggle md-toggle" data-md-toggle = "__nav_7_4" type = "checkbox" id = "__nav_7_4" >
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< label class = "md-nav__link" for = "__nav_7_4" >
mailcow-internal backups
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< span class = "md-nav__icon md-icon" > < / span >
< / label >
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< nav class = "md-nav" aria-label = "mailcow-internal backups" data-md-level = "2" >
< label class = "md-nav__title" for = "__nav_7_4" >
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< span class = "md-nav__icon md-icon" > < / span >
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mailcow-internal backups
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< / label >
< ul class = "md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix >
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../backup_restore/b_n_r-accidental_deletion/" class = "md-nav__link" >
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Recover accidentally deleted data
< / a >
< / li >
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< / ul >
< / nav >
< / li >
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< / ul >
< / nav >
< / li >
< li class = "md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested" >
< input class = "md-nav__toggle md-toggle" data-md-toggle = "__nav_8" type = "checkbox" id = "__nav_8" >
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< label class = "md-nav__link" for = "__nav_8" >
Manual/Guides/Examples
< span class = "md-nav__icon md-icon" > < / span >
< / label >
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< nav class = "md-nav" aria-label = "Manual/Guides/Examples" data-md-level = "1" >
< label class = "md-nav__title" for = "__nav_8" >
< span class = "md-nav__icon md-icon" > < / span >
Manual/Guides/Examples
< / label >
< ul class = "md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix >
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< li class = "md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested" >
< input class = "md-nav__toggle md-toggle" data-md-toggle = "__nav_8_1" type = "checkbox" id = "__nav_8_1" >
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< label class = "md-nav__link" for = "__nav_8_1" >
mailcow UI
< span class = "md-nav__icon md-icon" > < / span >
< / label >
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< nav class = "md-nav" aria-label = "mailcow UI" data-md-level = "2" >
< label class = "md-nav__title" for = "__nav_8_1" >
< span class = "md-nav__icon md-icon" > < / span >
mailcow UI
< / label >
< ul class = "md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix >
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../manual-guides/mailcow-UI/u_e-mailcow_ui-bl_wl/" class = "md-nav__link" >
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Blacklist / Whitelist
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< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../manual-guides/mailcow-UI/u_e-mailcow_ui-config/" class = "md-nav__link" >
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Configuration
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< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../manual-guides/mailcow-UI/u_e-mailcow_ui-css/" class = "md-nav__link" >
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CSS overrides
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< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
< a href = "../../manual-guides/mailcow-UI/u_e-mailcow_ui-netfilter/" class = "md-nav__link" >
Netfilter
< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../manual-guides/mailcow-UI/u_e-mailcow_ui-pushover/" class = "md-nav__link" >
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Pushover
< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../manual-guides/mailcow-UI/u_e-mailcow_ui-spamfilter/" class = "md-nav__link" >
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Spamfilter
< / a >
< / li >
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2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../manual-guides/mailcow-UI/u_e-mailcow_ui-sub_addressing/" class = "md-nav__link" >
Sub-addressing
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
< a href = "../../manual-guides/mailcow-UI/u_e-mailcow_ui-tags/" class = "md-nav__link" >
Tags (for Domains and Mailboxes)
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< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../manual-guides/mailcow-UI/u_e-mailcow_ui-spamalias/" class = "md-nav__link" >
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Temporary email aliases
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< / a >
< / li >
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2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../manual-guides/mailcow-UI/u_e-mailcow_ui-tfa/" class = "md-nav__link" >
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Two-Factor Authentication
< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../manual-guides/mailcow-UI/u_e-mailcow_ui-fido/" class = "md-nav__link" >
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WebAuthn / FIDO2
< / a >
< / li >
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< / ul >
< / nav >
< / li >
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< li class = "md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested" >
< input class = "md-nav__toggle md-toggle" data-md-toggle = "__nav_8_2" type = "checkbox" id = "__nav_8_2" >
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< label class = "md-nav__link" for = "__nav_8_2" >
Postfix
< span class = "md-nav__icon md-icon" > < / span >
< / label >
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< nav class = "md-nav" aria-label = "Postfix" data-md-level = "2" >
< label class = "md-nav__title" for = "__nav_8_2" >
< span class = "md-nav__icon md-icon" > < / span >
Postfix
< / label >
< ul class = "md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix >
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../manual-guides/Postfix/u_e-postfix-trust_networks/" class = "md-nav__link" >
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Add trusted networks
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< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../manual-guides/Postfix/u_e-postfix-custom_transport/" class = "md-nav__link" >
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Custom transport maps
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< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../manual-guides/Postfix/u_e-postfix-extra_cf/" class = "md-nav__link" >
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Customize/Expand main.cf
< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../manual-guides/Postfix/u_e-postfix-disable_sender_verification/" class = "md-nav__link" >
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Disable Sender Addresses Verification
< / a >
< / li >
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2021-09-23 20:30:54 +02:00
2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../manual-guides/Postfix/u_e-postfix-attachment_size/" class = "md-nav__link" >
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Max. message size (attachment size)
< / a >
< / li >
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2021-09-23 20:30:54 +02:00
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../manual-guides/Postfix/u_e-postfix-relayhost/" class = "md-nav__link" >
2021-09-08 11:41:26 +02:00
Relayhosts
< / a >
< / li >
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2021-09-23 20:30:54 +02:00
2021-09-08 11:41:26 +02:00
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
2022-02-04 14:27:16 +01:00
< a href = "../../manual-guides/Postfix/u_e-postfix-pflogsumm/" class = "md-nav__link" >
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Statistics with pflogsumm
< / a >
< / li >
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2021-09-08 11:41:26 +02:00
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
2022-02-04 14:27:16 +01:00
< a href = "../../manual-guides/Postfix/u_e-postfix-postscreen_whitelist/" class = "md-nav__link" >
2021-09-08 11:41:26 +02:00
Whitelist IP in Postscreen
< / a >
< / li >
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< / ul >
< / nav >
< / li >
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< li class = "md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested" >
< input class = "md-nav__toggle md-toggle" data-md-toggle = "__nav_8_3" type = "checkbox" id = "__nav_8_3" >
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< label class = "md-nav__link" for = "__nav_8_3" >
Unbound
< span class = "md-nav__icon md-icon" > < / span >
< / label >
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< nav class = "md-nav" aria-label = "Unbound" data-md-level = "2" >
< label class = "md-nav__title" for = "__nav_8_3" >
< span class = "md-nav__icon md-icon" > < / span >
Unbound
< / label >
< ul class = "md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix >
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../manual-guides/Unbound/u_e-unbound-fwd/" class = "md-nav__link" >
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Using an external DNS service
< / a >
< / li >
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< / ul >
< / nav >
< / li >
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2021-09-23 20:30:54 +02:00
2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
< li class = "md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested" >
< input class = "md-nav__toggle md-toggle" data-md-toggle = "__nav_8_4" type = "checkbox" id = "__nav_8_4" >
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< label class = "md-nav__link" for = "__nav_8_4" >
Dovecot
< span class = "md-nav__icon md-icon" > < / span >
< / label >
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< nav class = "md-nav" aria-label = "Dovecot" data-md-level = "2" >
< label class = "md-nav__title" for = "__nav_8_4" >
< span class = "md-nav__icon md-icon" > < / span >
Dovecot
< / label >
< ul class = "md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix >
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../manual-guides/Dovecot/u_e-dovecot-extra_conf/" class = "md-nav__link" >
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Customize/Expand dovecot.conf
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< / a >
< / li >
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2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../manual-guides/Dovecot/u_e-dovecot-any_acl/" class = "md-nav__link" >
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Enable "any" ACL settings
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< / a >
< / li >
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2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../manual-guides/Dovecot/u_e-dovecot-expunge/" class = "md-nav__link" >
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Expunge a Users mails
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< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../manual-guides/Dovecot/u_e-dovecot-fts/" class = "md-nav__link" >
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FTS (Solr)
< / a >
< / li >
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2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../manual-guides/Dovecot/u_e-dovecot-idle_interval/" class = "md-nav__link" >
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IMAP IDLE interval
< / a >
< / li >
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2021-09-23 20:30:54 +02:00
2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../manual-guides/Dovecot/u_e-dovecot-mail-crypt/" class = "md-nav__link" >
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Mail crypt
< / a >
< / li >
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2021-09-23 20:30:54 +02:00
2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
2022-02-04 14:27:16 +01:00
< a href = "../../manual-guides/Dovecot/u_e-dovecot-more/" class = "md-nav__link" >
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More Examples with DOVEADM
< / a >
< / li >
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2021-09-23 20:30:54 +02:00
2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
2022-02-04 14:27:16 +01:00
< a href = "../../manual-guides/Dovecot/u_e-dovecot-vmail-volume/" class = "md-nav__link" >
2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
Move Maildir (vmail)
< / a >
< / li >
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2021-09-23 20:30:54 +02:00
2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
2022-02-04 14:27:16 +01:00
< a href = "../../manual-guides/Dovecot/u_e-dovecot-public_folder/" class = "md-nav__link" >
2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
Public folders
< / a >
< / li >
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2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
2021-09-23 20:30:54 +02:00
2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
2022-02-04 14:27:16 +01:00
< a href = "../../manual-guides/Dovecot/u_e-dovecot-static_master/" class = "md-nav__link" >
2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
Static master user
< / a >
< / li >
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2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
2021-09-23 20:47:28 +02:00
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
2022-02-04 14:27:16 +01:00
< a href = "../../manual-guides/Dovecot/u_e-dovecot-catchall_vacation/" class = "md-nav__link" >
2021-09-23 20:47:28 +02:00
Vacation replies for catchall addresses
< / a >
< / li >
2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
< / ul >
< / nav >
< / li >
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2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
2021-09-23 20:30:54 +02:00
2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
< li class = "md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested" >
< input class = "md-nav__toggle md-toggle" data-md-toggle = "__nav_8_5" type = "checkbox" id = "__nav_8_5" >
2021-09-23 20:30:54 +02:00
< label class = "md-nav__link" for = "__nav_8_5" >
Nginx
< span class = "md-nav__icon md-icon" > < / span >
< / label >
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< nav class = "md-nav" aria-label = "Nginx" data-md-level = "2" >
< label class = "md-nav__title" for = "__nav_8_5" >
< span class = "md-nav__icon md-icon" > < / span >
Nginx
< / label >
< ul class = "md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix >
2021-09-23 20:30:54 +02:00
2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
2022-02-04 14:27:16 +01:00
< a href = "../../manual-guides/Nginx/u_e-nginx_webmail-site/" class = "md-nav__link" >
2021-09-23 20:47:28 +02:00
Create subdomain webmail.example.org
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< / a >
< / li >
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2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
2021-09-23 20:30:54 +02:00
2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
2022-02-04 14:27:16 +01:00
< a href = "../../manual-guides/Nginx/u_e-nginx_custom/" class = "md-nav__link" >
2021-09-23 20:47:28 +02:00
Custom sites
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< / a >
< / li >
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2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
< / ul >
< / nav >
< / li >
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2021-09-23 20:30:54 +02:00
2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
2021-10-29 12:30:34 +02:00
< li class = "md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested" >
< input class = "md-nav__toggle md-toggle" data-md-toggle = "__nav_8_6" type = "checkbox" id = "__nav_8_6" >
< label class = "md-nav__link" for = "__nav_8_6" >
Watchdog
< span class = "md-nav__icon md-icon" > < / span >
< / label >
< nav class = "md-nav" aria-label = "Watchdog" data-md-level = "2" >
< label class = "md-nav__title" for = "__nav_8_6" >
< span class = "md-nav__icon md-icon" > < / span >
Watchdog
< / label >
< ul class = "md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix >
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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Thresholds
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< / ul >
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Redis
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Rspamd
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< / li >
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ClamAV
< span class = "md-nav__icon md-icon" > < / span >
< / label >
< nav class = "md-nav" aria-label = "ClamAV" data-md-level = "2" >
< label class = "md-nav__title" for = "__nav_8_9" >
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ClamAV
< / label >
< ul class = "md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix >
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
< a href = "../../manual-guides/ClamAV/u_e-clamav-whitelist/" class = "md-nav__link" >
Whitelist
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
< a href = "../../manual-guides/ClamAV/u_e-clamav-additional_dbs/" class = "md-nav__link" >
Additional Databases
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< / ul >
< / nav >
< / li >
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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SOGo
< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested" >
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< label class = "md-nav__link" for = "__nav_8_11" >
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Docker
< span class = "md-nav__icon md-icon" > < / span >
< / label >
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< nav class = "md-nav" aria-label = "Docker" data-md-level = "2" >
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< label class = "md-nav__title" for = "__nav_8_11" >
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< span class = "md-nav__icon md-icon" > < / span >
Docker
< / label >
< ul class = "md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix >
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../manual-guides/Docker/u_e-docker-cust_dockerfiles/" class = "md-nav__link" >
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Customize Dockerfiles
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< / li >
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< / ul >
< / nav >
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../manual-guides/u_e-why_unbound/" class = "md-nav__link" >
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Why unbound?
< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../manual-guides/u_e-autodiscover_config/" class = "md-nav__link" >
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Autodiscover / Autoconfig
< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../manual-guides/u_e-80_to_443/" class = "md-nav__link" >
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Redirect HTTP to HTTPS
< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../manual-guides/u_e-reeanble-weak-protocols/" class = "md-nav__link" >
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Re-enable TLS 1.0 and TLS 1.1
< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../manual-guides/u_e-update-hooks/" class = "md-nav__link" >
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Run scripts before and after updates
< / a >
< / li >
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< label class = "md-nav__link" for = "__nav_9" >
Client Configuration
< span class = "md-nav__icon md-icon" > < / span >
< / label >
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< nav class = "md-nav" aria-label = "Client Configuration" data-md-level = "1" >
< label class = "md-nav__title" for = "__nav_9" >
< span class = "md-nav__icon md-icon" > < / span >
Client Configuration
< / label >
< ul class = "md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix >
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../client/client/" class = "md-nav__link" >
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Overview
< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../client/client-android/" class = "md-nav__link" >
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Android
< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../client/client-apple/" class = "md-nav__link" >
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Apple macOS / iOS
< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../client/client-emclient/" class = "md-nav__link" >
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eM Client
< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../client/client-kontact/" class = "md-nav__link" >
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KDE Kontact
< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../client/client-outlook/" class = "md-nav__link" >
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Microsoft Outlook
< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../client/client-thunderbird/" class = "md-nav__link" >
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Mozilla Thunderbird
< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../client/client-windows/" class = "md-nav__link" >
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Windows Mail
< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../client/client-manual/" class = "md-nav__link" >
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Manual configuration
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< label class = "md-nav__link" for = "__nav_10" >
Third party apps
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< / label >
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< nav class = "md-nav" aria-label = "Third party apps" data-md-level = "1" >
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Third party apps
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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Borgmatic Backup
< / a >
< / li >
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Exchange Hybrid Setup
< / a >
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Gitea
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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Gogs
< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../third_party/third_party-mailman3/" class = "md-nav__link" >
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Mailman 3
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< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../third_party/third_party-mailpiler_integration/" class = "md-nav__link" >
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Mailpiler Integration
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< / li >
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../third_party/third_party-nextcloud/" class = "md-nav__link" >
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Nextcloud
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< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../third_party/third_party-portainer/" class = "md-nav__link" >
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Portainer
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< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../third_party/third_party-roundcube/" class = "md-nav__link" >
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Roundcube
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< / a >
< / li >
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< / ul >
< / nav >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / nav >
< / div >
< / div >
< / div >
< div class = "md-sidebar md-sidebar--secondary" data-md-component = "sidebar" data-md-type = "toc" >
< div class = "md-sidebar__scrollwrap" >
< div class = "md-sidebar__inner" >
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< nav class = "md-nav md-nav--secondary" aria-label = "Table of contents" >
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< label class = "md-nav__title" for = "__toc" >
< span class = "md-nav__icon md-icon" > < / span >
Table of contents
< / label >
< ul class = "md-nav__list" data-md-component = "toc" data-md-scrollfix >
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
< a href = "#minimum-system-resources" class = "md-nav__link" >
Minimum System Resources
< / a >
< nav class = "md-nav" aria-label = "Minimum System Resources" >
< ul class = "md-nav__list" >
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "#ram-usage-examples" class = "md-nav__link" >
RAM usage examples
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
< a href = "#supported-os" class = "md-nav__link" >
Supported OS
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< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / nav >
< / li >
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
< a href = "#firewall-ports" class = "md-nav__link" >
Firewall & Ports
< / a >
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< nav class = "md-nav" aria-label = "Firewall & Ports" >
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< ul class = "md-nav__list" >
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
< a href = "#default-ports" class = "md-nav__link" >
Default Ports
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
< a href = "#important-for-hetzner-firewalls" class = "md-nav__link" >
Important for Hetzner firewalls
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / nav >
< / li >
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "#date-and-time" class = "md-nav__link" >
Date and Time
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< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "#hetzner-cloud-and-probably-others" class = "md-nav__link" >
Hetzner Cloud (and probably others)
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< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
< a href = "#mtu" class = "md-nav__link" >
MTU
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / nav >
< / div >
< / div >
< / div >
< div class = "md-content" data-md-component = "content" >
< article class = "md-content__inner md-typeset" >
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< a href = "https://github.com/mailcow/mailcow-dockerized-docs/edit/master/docs/prerequisite/prerequisite-system.en.md" title = "Edit this page" class = "md-content__button md-icon" >
< svg xmlns = "http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox = "0 0 24 24" > < path d = "M20.71 7.04c.39-.39.39-1.04 0-1.41l-2.34-2.34c-.37-.39-1.02-.39-1.41 0l-1.84 1.83 3.75 3.75M3 17.25V21h3.75L17.81 9.93l-3.75-3.75L3 17.25Z" / > < / svg >
< / a >
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< h1 > Prepare your system< / h1 >
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< p > Before you run < strong > mailcow: dockerized< / strong > , there are a few requirements that you should check:< / p >
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< div class = "admonition warning" >
< p class = "admonition-title" > Warning< / p >
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< p > Do < strong > not< / strong > try to install mailcow on a Synology/QNAP device (any NAS), OpenVZ, LXC or other container platforms. KVM, ESX, Hyper-V and other full virtualization platforms are supported.< / p >
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< / div >
< div class = "admonition info" >
< p class = "admonition-title" > Info< / p >
< ul >
< li > mailcow: dockerized requires < a href = "#default-ports" > some ports< / a > to be open for incoming connections, so make sure that your firewall is not blocking these.< / li >
< li > Make sure that no other application is interfering with mailcow's configuration, such as another mail service< / li >
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< li > A correct DNS setup is crucial to every good mailserver setup, so please make sure you got at least the < a href = "../prerequisite-dns/#the-minimal-dns-configuration" > basics< / a > covered before you begin!< / li >
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< li > Make sure that your system has a correct date and < a href = "#date-and-time" > time setup< / a > . This is crucial for various components like two factor TOTP authentication.< / li >
< / ul >
< / div >
< h2 id = "minimum-system-resources" > Minimum System Resources< a class = "headerlink" href = "#minimum-system-resources" title = "Permanent link" > ¶ < / a > < / h2 >
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< div class = "admonition failure" >
< p class = "admonition-title" > Not supported< / p >
< p > < strong > OpenVZ, Virtuozzo and LXC< / strong > < / p >
< / div >
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< p > Please make sure that your system has at least the following resources:< / p >
< table >
< thead >
< tr >
< th > Resource< / th >
< th > mailcow: dockerized< / th >
< / tr >
< / thead >
< tbody >
< tr >
< td > CPU< / td >
< td > 1 GHz< / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
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< td > RAM< / td >
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< td > < strong > Minimum< / strong > 6 GiB + 1 GiB swap (default config)< / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > Disk< / td >
< td > 20 GiB (without emails)< / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > System Type< / td >
< td > x86_64< / td >
< / tr >
< / tbody >
< / table >
< p > ClamAV and Solr can be greedy with RAM. You may disable them in < code > mailcow.conf< / code > by settings < code > SKIP_CLAMD=y< / code > and < code > SKIP_SOLR=y< / code > .< / p >
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< div class = "admonition info" >
< p class = "admonition-title" > Info< / p >
< p > We are aware that a pure MTA can run on 128 MiB RAM. mailcow is a full-grown and ready-to-use groupware with many extras making life easier. mailcow comes with a webserver, webmailer, ActiveSync (MS), antivirus, antispam, indexing (Solr), document scanner (Oletools), SQL (MariaDB), Cache (Redis), MDA, MTA, various web services etc.< / p >
< / div >
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< p > A single SOGo worker < strong > can< / strong > acquire ~350 MiB RAM before it gets purged. The more ActiveSync connections you plan to use, the more RAM you will need. A default configuration spawns 20 workers.< / p >
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< h4 id = "ram-usage-examples" > RAM usage examples< a class = "headerlink" href = "#ram-usage-examples" title = "Permanent link" > ¶ < / a > < / h4 >
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< p > A company with 15 phones (EAS enabled) and about 50 concurrent IMAP connections should plan 16 GiB RAM.< / p >
< p > 6 GiB RAM + 1 GiB swap are fine for most private installations while 8 GiB RAM are recommended for ~5 to 10 users.< / p >
< p > We can help to correctly plan your setup as part of our support.< / p >
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< h3 id = "supported-os" > Supported OS< a class = "headerlink" href = "#supported-os" title = "Permanent link" > ¶ < / a > < / h3 >
< p > We recommend using any distribution listed as supported by Docker CE (check < a href = "https://docs.docker.com/install/" > https://docs.docker.com/install/< / a > ).< / p >
< p > See the following table for the official supported and tested destributions:< / p >
< table >
< thead >
< tr >
< th > OS< / th >
< th > Status< / th >
< / tr >
< / thead >
< tbody >
< tr >
< td > Centos 7< / td >
< td > ✅< / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > Debian 10, 11< / td >
< td > ✅< / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > Ubuntu 18.04, 20.04, 22.04< / td >
< td > ✅< / td >
< / tr >
< / tbody >
< / table >
< p > < strong > Other Distributions may work as well but weren´ < / strong > < / p >
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< h2 id = "firewall-ports" > Firewall & Ports< a class = "headerlink" href = "#firewall-ports" title = "Permanent link" > ¶ < / a > < / h2 >
< p > Please check if any of mailcow's standard ports are open and not in use by other applications:< / p >
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< div class = "highlight" > < pre > < span > < / span > < code > ss -tlpn | grep -E -w ' 25|80|110|143|443|465|587|993|995|4190'
# or:
netstat -tulpn | grep -E -w ' 25|80|110|143|443|465|587|993|995|4190'
< / code > < / pre > < / div >
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< div class = "admonition danger" >
< p class = "admonition-title" > Danger< / p >
< p > There are several problems with running mailcow on a firewalld/ufw enabled system. < br >
You should disable it (if possible) and move your ruleset to the DOCKER-USER chain, which is not cleared by a Docker service restart, instead. < br >
See < a href = "https://blog.donnex.net/docker-and-iptables-filtering/" > this (blog.donnex.net)< / a > or < a href = "https://unrouted.io/2017/08/15/docker-firewall/" > this (unrouted.io)< / a > guide for information about how to use iptables-persistent with the DOCKER-USER chain.< br >
As mailcow runs dockerized, INPUT rules have no effect on restricting access to mailcow. < br >
Use the FORWARD chain instead.< br > < / p >
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< / div >
< p > If this command returns any results please remove or stop the application running on that port. You may also adjust mailcows ports via the < code > mailcow.conf< / code > configuration file.< / p >
< h3 id = "default-ports" > Default Ports< a class = "headerlink" href = "#default-ports" title = "Permanent link" > ¶ < / a > < / h3 >
< p > If you have a firewall in front of mailcow, please make sure that these ports are open for incoming connections:< / p >
< table >
< thead >
< tr >
< th > Service< / th >
< th align = "center" > Protocol< / th >
< th align = "left" > Port< / th >
< th align = "left" > Container< / th >
< th > Variable< / th >
< / tr >
< / thead >
< tbody >
< tr >
< td > Postfix SMTP< / td >
< td align = "center" > TCP< / td >
< td align = "left" > 25< / td >
< td align = "left" > postfix-mailcow< / td >
< td > < code > ${SMTP_PORT}< / code > < / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > Postfix SMTPS< / td >
< td align = "center" > TCP< / td >
< td align = "left" > 465< / td >
< td align = "left" > postfix-mailcow< / td >
< td > < code > ${SMTPS_PORT}< / code > < / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > Postfix Submission< / td >
< td align = "center" > TCP< / td >
< td align = "left" > 587< / td >
< td align = "left" > postfix-mailcow< / td >
< td > < code > ${SUBMISSION_PORT}< / code > < / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > Dovecot IMAP< / td >
< td align = "center" > TCP< / td >
< td align = "left" > 143< / td >
< td align = "left" > dovecot-mailcow< / td >
< td > < code > ${IMAP_PORT}< / code > < / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > Dovecot IMAPS< / td >
< td align = "center" > TCP< / td >
< td align = "left" > 993< / td >
< td align = "left" > dovecot-mailcow< / td >
< td > < code > ${IMAPS_PORT}< / code > < / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > Dovecot POP3< / td >
< td align = "center" > TCP< / td >
< td align = "left" > 110< / td >
< td align = "left" > dovecot-mailcow< / td >
< td > < code > ${POP_PORT}< / code > < / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > Dovecot POP3S< / td >
< td align = "center" > TCP< / td >
< td align = "left" > 995< / td >
< td align = "left" > dovecot-mailcow< / td >
< td > < code > ${POPS_PORT}< / code > < / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > Dovecot ManageSieve< / td >
< td align = "center" > TCP< / td >
< td align = "left" > 4190< / td >
< td align = "left" > dovecot-mailcow< / td >
< td > < code > ${SIEVE_PORT}< / code > < / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > HTTP(S)< / td >
< td align = "center" > TCP< / td >
< td align = "left" > 80/443< / td >
< td align = "left" > nginx-mailcow< / td >
< td > < code > ${HTTP_PORT}< / code > / < code > ${HTTPS_PORT}< / code > < / td >
< / tr >
< / tbody >
< / table >
< p > To bind a service to an IP address, you can prepend the IP like this: < code > SMTP_PORT=1.2.3.4:25< / code > < / p >
< p > < strong > Important< / strong > : You cannot use IP:PORT bindings in HTTP_PORT and HTTPS_PORT. Please use < code > HTTP_PORT=1234< / code > and < code > HTTP_BIND=1.2.3.4< / code > instead.< / p >
< h3 id = "important-for-hetzner-firewalls" > Important for Hetzner firewalls< a class = "headerlink" href = "#important-for-hetzner-firewalls" title = "Permanent link" > ¶ < / a > < / h3 >
< p > Quoting < a href = "https://github.com/chermsen" > https://github.com/chermsen< / a > via < a href = "https://github.com/mailcow/mailcow-dockerized/issues/497#issuecomment-469847380" > https://github.com/mailcow/mailcow-dockerized/issues/497#issuecomment-469847380< / a > (THANK YOU!):< / p >
< p > For all who are struggling with the Hetzner firewall:< / p >
< p > Port 53 unimportant for the firewall configuration in this case. According to the documentation unbound uses the port range 1024-65535 for outgoing requests.
Since the Hetzner Robot Firewall is a static firewall (each incoming packet is checked isolated) - the following rules must be applied:< / p >
< p > < strong > For TCP< / strong >
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< div class = "highlight" > < pre > < span > < / span > < code > SRC-IP: ---
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DST IP: ---
SRC Port: ---
DST Port: 1024-65535
Protocol: tcp
TCP flags: ack
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Action: Accept
< / code > < / pre > < / div > < / p >
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< p > < strong > For UDP< / strong >
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< div class = "highlight" > < pre > < span > < / span > < code > SRC-IP: ---
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DST IP: ---
SRC Port: ---
DST Port: 1024-65535
Protocol: udp
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Action: Accept
< / code > < / pre > < / div > < / p >
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< p > If you want to apply a more restrictive port range you have to change the config of unbound first (after installation):< / p >
< p > {mailcow-dockerized}/data/conf/unbound/unbound.conf:
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< div class = "highlight" > < pre > < span > < / span > < code > outgoing-port-avoid: 0-32767
< / code > < / pre > < / div > < / p >
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< p > Now the firewall rules can be adjusted as follows:< / p >
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< div class = "highlight" > < pre > < span > < / span > < code > [...]
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DST Port: 32768-65535
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[...]
< / code > < / pre > < / div >
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< h2 id = "date-and-time" > Date and Time< a class = "headerlink" href = "#date-and-time" title = "Permanent link" > ¶ < / a > < / h2 >
< p > To ensure that you have the correct date and time setup on your system, please check the output of < code > timedatectl status< / code > :< / p >
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< div class = "highlight" > < pre > < span > < / span > < code > $ timedatectl status
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Local time: Sat 2017-05-06 02:12:33 CEST
Universal time: Sat 2017-05-06 00:12:33 UTC
RTC time: Sat 2017-05-06 00:12:32
Time zone: Europe/Berlin (CEST, +0200)
NTP enabled: yes
NTP synchronized: yes
RTC in local TZ: no
DST active: yes
Last DST change: DST began at
Sun 2017-03-26 01:59:59 CET
Sun 2017-03-26 03:00:00 CEST
Next DST change: DST ends (the clock jumps one hour backwards) at
Sun 2017-10-29 02:59:59 CEST
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Sun 2017-10-29 02:00:00 CET
< / code > < / pre > < / div >
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< p > The lines < code > NTP enabled: yes< / code > and < code > NTP synchronized: yes< / code > indicate whether you have NTP enabled and if it's synchronized.< / p >
< p > To enable NTP you need to run the command < code > timedatectl set-ntp true< / code > . You also need to edit your < code > /etc/systemd/timesyncd.conf< / code > :< / p >
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< div class = "highlight" > < pre > < span > < / span > < code > # vim /etc/systemd/timesyncd.conf
[Time]
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NTP=0.pool.ntp.org 1.pool.ntp.org 2.pool.ntp.org 3.pool.ntp.org
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< / code > < / pre > < / div >
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< h2 id = "hetzner-cloud-and-probably-others" > Hetzner Cloud (and probably others)< a class = "headerlink" href = "#hetzner-cloud-and-probably-others" title = "Permanent link" > ¶ < / a > < / h2 >
< p > Check < code > /etc/network/interfaces.d/50-cloud-init.cfg< / code > and change the IPv6 interface from eth0:0 to eth0:< / p >
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< div class = "highlight" > < pre > < span > < / span > < code > # Wrong:
auto eth0:0
iface eth0:0 inet6 static
# Right:
auto eth0
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iface eth0 inet6 static
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< / code > < / pre > < / div >
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< p > Reboot or restart the interface.
You may want to < a href = "https://wiki.hetzner.de/index.php/Cloud_IP_static/en#disable_cloud-init_network_changes" > disable cloud-init network changes.< / a > < / p >
< h2 id = "mtu" > MTU< a class = "headerlink" href = "#mtu" title = "Permanent link" > ¶ < / a > < / h2 >
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< p > Especially relevant for OpenStack users: Check your MTU and set it accordingly in docker-compose.yml. See < strong > 4.1< / strong > in < a href = "../../i_u_m/i_u_m_install/" > our installation docs< / a > .< / p >
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