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mailcow: dockerized documentation
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DNS Einstellungen
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Suche wird initialisiert
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mailcow/mailcow-dockerized
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mailcow: dockerized documentation
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mailcow/mailcow-dockerized
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Informationen & Support
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Voraussetzungen
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Voraussetzungen
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Systemvoraussetzungen
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< / a >
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DNS Einstellungen
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DNS Einstellungen
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< / a >
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< nav class = "md-nav md-nav--secondary" aria-label = "Inhaltsverzeichnis" >
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Inhaltsverzeichnis
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Referenzen
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Reverse DNS Ihrer IP-Adresse
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< a href = "#die-minimale-dns-konfiguration" class = "md-nav__link" >
Die minimale DNS-Konfiguration
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< / a >
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "#dkim-spf-und-dmarc" class = "md-nav__link" >
DKIM, SPF und DMARC
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "#die-erweiterte-dns-konfiguration" class = "md-nav__link" >
Die erweiterte DNS-Konfiguration
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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Testen
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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Verschiedenes
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< nav class = "md-nav" aria-label = "Verschiedenes" >
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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Optionale DMARC-Statistiken
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "#e-mail-test-fur-spf-dkim-und-dmarc" class = "md-nav__link" >
E-Mail-Test für SPF, DKIM und DMARC:
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< / a >
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< a href = "#fully-qualified-domain-name-fqdn" class = "md-nav__link" >
Fully Qualified Domain Name (FQDN)
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Installation, Update und Migration
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Installation, Update und Migration
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Installation
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Update
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Migration
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Deinstallation
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Post-Installationsaufgaben
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Post-Installationsaufgaben
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Erweitertes SSL
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IPv6 deaktivieren
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DMARC Reporting
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IP-Verbindungen
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Lokaler MTA auf Docker-Host
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Logging
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Reverse Proxy
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Rspamd UI
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SNAT
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Migration von Sync-Jobs
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Modelle
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Modelle
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ACL
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Passwort-Hashing
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Sender- und Empfängermodell
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Allgemeine Fehlersuche
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Einführung
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Admin-Anmeldung bei SOGo
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Fortgeschritten: Memory-Leaks in Rspamd finden
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In einen Container wechseln (CLI)
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Häufig auftretende Probleme
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Logs
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Manuelles MySQL-Upgrade
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Abgestürzte Aria-Speicher-Engine wiederherstellen
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Persistente Daten löschen
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Passwörter zurücksetzen (inkl. SQL)
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TLS-Zertifikate zurücksetzen
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Sichern & Wiederherstellen
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Sicherung und Wiederherstellung von Komponenten
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Sicherung
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Wiederherstellung
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Cold-standby (rollende Sicherung)
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Manuelle Sicherung
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Mail-Verzeichnis
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../backup_restore/b_n_r-backup_restore-mysql/" class = "md-nav__link" >
2021-10-18 16:21:29 +02:00
MySQL (mysqldump)
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< / a >
< / li >
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2021-08-16 12:41:17 +02:00
< / ul >
< / nav >
< / li >
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2021-08-16 12:41:17 +02:00
2021-09-23 20:30:54 +02:00
2021-08-16 12:41:17 +02:00
< li class = "md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested" >
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< input class = "md-nav__toggle md-toggle" data-md-toggle = "__nav_7_4" type = "checkbox" id = "__nav_7_4" >
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2021-09-23 20:30:54 +02:00
2021-10-18 16:21:29 +02:00
< label class = "md-nav__link" for = "__nav_7_4" >
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Interne mailcow Sicherungen
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< span class = "md-nav__icon md-icon" > < / span >
< / label >
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< nav class = "md-nav" aria-label = "Interne mailcow Sicherungen" data-md-level = "2" >
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< label class = "md-nav__title" for = "__nav_7_4" >
2021-08-16 12:41:17 +02:00
< span class = "md-nav__icon md-icon" > < / span >
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Interne mailcow Sicherungen
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< / label >
< ul class = "md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix >
2021-09-23 20:30:54 +02:00
2021-08-16 12:41:17 +02:00
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
2022-02-04 14:27:16 +01:00
< a href = "../../backup_restore/b_n_r-accidental_deletion/" class = "md-nav__link" >
Versehentlich gelöschte Daten wiederherstellen
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< / a >
< / li >
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2021-08-16 12:41:17 +02:00
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< / ul >
< / nav >
< / li >
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2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
< / ul >
< / nav >
< / li >
< li class = "md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested" >
< input class = "md-nav__toggle md-toggle" data-md-toggle = "__nav_8" type = "checkbox" id = "__nav_8" >
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< label class = "md-nav__link" for = "__nav_8" >
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Anleitungen/Beispiele
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< span class = "md-nav__icon md-icon" > < / span >
< / label >
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< nav class = "md-nav" aria-label = "Anleitungen/Beispiele" data-md-level = "1" >
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< label class = "md-nav__title" for = "__nav_8" >
< span class = "md-nav__icon md-icon" > < / span >
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Anleitungen/Beispiele
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< / label >
< ul class = "md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix >
2021-09-23 20:30:54 +02:00
2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
< li class = "md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested" >
< input class = "md-nav__toggle md-toggle" data-md-toggle = "__nav_8_1" type = "checkbox" id = "__nav_8_1" >
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< label class = "md-nav__link" for = "__nav_8_1" >
mailcow UI
< span class = "md-nav__icon md-icon" > < / span >
< / label >
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< nav class = "md-nav" aria-label = "mailcow UI" data-md-level = "2" >
< label class = "md-nav__title" for = "__nav_8_1" >
< span class = "md-nav__icon md-icon" > < / span >
mailcow UI
< / label >
< ul class = "md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix >
2021-09-23 20:30:54 +02:00
2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../manual-guides/mailcow-UI/u_e-mailcow_ui-bl_wl/" class = "md-nav__link" >
2021-09-23 20:47:28 +02:00
Blacklist / Whitelist
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< / a >
< / li >
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2021-09-23 20:30:54 +02:00
2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
2021-05-28 11:12:28 +02:00
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../manual-guides/mailcow-UI/u_e-mailcow_ui-config/" class = "md-nav__link" >
Konfiguration
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< / a >
< / li >
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2021-05-28 11:12:28 +02:00
2021-09-23 20:30:54 +02:00
2021-05-28 11:12:28 +02:00
2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../manual-guides/mailcow-UI/u_e-mailcow_ui-css/" class = "md-nav__link" >
CSS-Ãœberschreibungen
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< / a >
< / li >
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2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
2021-09-23 20:30:54 +02:00
2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../manual-guides/mailcow-UI/u_e-mailcow_ui-pushover/" class = "md-nav__link" >
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Pushover
< / a >
< / li >
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2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
2021-09-23 20:30:54 +02:00
2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
2022-02-04 14:27:16 +01:00
< a href = "../../manual-guides/mailcow-UI/u_e-mailcow_ui-spamfilter/" class = "md-nav__link" >
2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
Spamfilter
< / a >
< / li >
2021-09-23 20:30:54 +02:00
2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
2021-09-23 20:30:54 +02:00
2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
2022-02-04 14:27:16 +01:00
< a href = "../../manual-guides/mailcow-UI/u_e-mailcow_ui-tagging/" class = "md-nav__link" >
Tagging (Markierungen)
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< / a >
< / li >
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2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
2021-09-23 20:30:54 +02:00
2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
2022-02-04 14:27:16 +01:00
< a href = "../../manual-guides/mailcow-UI/u_e-mailcow_ui-spamalias/" class = "md-nav__link" >
Temporäre E-Mail-Aliase
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< / a >
< / li >
2021-09-23 20:30:54 +02:00
2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
2021-09-23 20:30:54 +02:00
2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
2022-02-04 14:27:16 +01:00
< a href = "../../manual-guides/mailcow-UI/u_e-mailcow_ui-tfa/" class = "md-nav__link" >
Zwei-Faktoren-Authentifizierung
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< / a >
< / li >
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2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
2021-09-23 20:30:54 +02:00
2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
2022-02-04 14:27:16 +01:00
< a href = "../../manual-guides/mailcow-UI/u_e-mailcow_ui-fido/" class = "md-nav__link" >
2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
WebAuthn / FIDO2
< / a >
< / li >
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2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
< / ul >
< / nav >
< / li >
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2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
2021-09-23 20:30:54 +02:00
2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
< li class = "md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested" >
< input class = "md-nav__toggle md-toggle" data-md-toggle = "__nav_8_2" type = "checkbox" id = "__nav_8_2" >
2021-09-23 20:30:54 +02:00
< label class = "md-nav__link" for = "__nav_8_2" >
Postfix
< span class = "md-nav__icon md-icon" > < / span >
< / label >
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< nav class = "md-nav" aria-label = "Postfix" data-md-level = "2" >
< label class = "md-nav__title" for = "__nav_8_2" >
< span class = "md-nav__icon md-icon" > < / span >
Postfix
< / label >
< ul class = "md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix >
2021-09-23 20:30:54 +02:00
2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
2022-02-04 14:27:16 +01:00
< a href = "../../manual-guides/Postfix/u_e-postfix-trust_networks/" class = "md-nav__link" >
Vertrauenswürdige Netzwerke hinzufügen
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< / a >
< / li >
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2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
2021-09-23 20:30:54 +02:00
2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
2022-02-04 14:27:16 +01:00
< a href = "../../manual-guides/Postfix/u_e-postfix-custom_transport/" class = "md-nav__link" >
Benutzerdefinierte Transportmaps
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< / a >
< / li >
2021-09-23 20:30:54 +02:00
2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
2021-09-23 20:30:54 +02:00
2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
2022-02-04 14:27:16 +01:00
< a href = "../../manual-guides/Postfix/u_e-postfix-extra_cf/" class = "md-nav__link" >
main.cf anpassen/erweitern
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< / a >
< / li >
2021-09-23 20:30:54 +02:00
2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
2021-09-23 20:30:54 +02:00
2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
2022-02-04 14:27:16 +01:00
< a href = "../../manual-guides/Postfix/u_e-postfix-disable_sender_verification/" class = "md-nav__link" >
Überprüfung der Absenderadressen deaktivieren
2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
< / a >
< / li >
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2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
2021-09-23 20:30:54 +02:00
2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
2022-02-04 14:27:16 +01:00
< a href = "../../manual-guides/Postfix/u_e-postfix-attachment_size/" class = "md-nav__link" >
Maximale Nachrichtengröße (Größe des Anhangs)
2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
< / a >
< / li >
2021-09-23 20:30:54 +02:00
2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
2021-09-23 20:30:54 +02:00
2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
2021-09-08 11:41:26 +02:00
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
2022-02-04 14:27:16 +01:00
< a href = "../../manual-guides/Postfix/u_e-postfix-relayhost/" class = "md-nav__link" >
2021-09-08 11:41:26 +02:00
Relayhosts
< / a >
< / li >
2021-09-23 20:30:54 +02:00
2021-09-08 11:41:26 +02:00
2021-09-23 20:30:54 +02:00
2021-09-08 11:41:26 +02:00
2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
2022-02-04 14:27:16 +01:00
< a href = "../../manual-guides/Postfix/u_e-postfix-pflogsumm/" class = "md-nav__link" >
Statistik mit pflogsumm
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< / a >
< / li >
2021-09-23 20:30:54 +02:00
2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
2021-09-08 11:41:26 +02:00
2021-09-23 20:30:54 +02:00
2021-09-08 11:41:26 +02:00
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
2022-02-04 14:27:16 +01:00
< a href = "../../manual-guides/Postfix/u_e-postfix-postscreen_whitelist/" class = "md-nav__link" >
IP in Postscreen auf die Whitelist setzen
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< / a >
< / li >
2021-09-23 20:30:54 +02:00
2021-09-08 11:41:26 +02:00
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< / ul >
< / nav >
< / li >
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2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
2021-09-23 20:30:54 +02:00
2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
< li class = "md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested" >
< input class = "md-nav__toggle md-toggle" data-md-toggle = "__nav_8_3" type = "checkbox" id = "__nav_8_3" >
2021-09-23 20:30:54 +02:00
< label class = "md-nav__link" for = "__nav_8_3" >
Unbound
< span class = "md-nav__icon md-icon" > < / span >
< / label >
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< nav class = "md-nav" aria-label = "Unbound" data-md-level = "2" >
< label class = "md-nav__title" for = "__nav_8_3" >
< span class = "md-nav__icon md-icon" > < / span >
Unbound
< / label >
< ul class = "md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix >
2021-09-23 20:30:54 +02:00
2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
2022-02-04 14:27:16 +01:00
< a href = "../../manual-guides/Unbound/u_e-unbound-fwd/" class = "md-nav__link" >
Verwendung eines externen DNS-Dienstes
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< / a >
< / li >
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2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
< / ul >
< / nav >
< / li >
2021-09-23 20:30:54 +02:00
2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
2021-09-23 20:30:54 +02:00
2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
< li class = "md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested" >
< input class = "md-nav__toggle md-toggle" data-md-toggle = "__nav_8_4" type = "checkbox" id = "__nav_8_4" >
2021-09-23 20:30:54 +02:00
< label class = "md-nav__link" for = "__nav_8_4" >
Dovecot
< span class = "md-nav__icon md-icon" > < / span >
< / label >
2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
< nav class = "md-nav" aria-label = "Dovecot" data-md-level = "2" >
< label class = "md-nav__title" for = "__nav_8_4" >
< span class = "md-nav__icon md-icon" > < / span >
Dovecot
< / label >
< ul class = "md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix >
2021-09-23 20:30:54 +02:00
2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
2022-02-04 14:27:16 +01:00
< a href = "../../manual-guides/Dovecot/u_e-dovecot-extra_conf/" class = "md-nav__link" >
Anpassen/Erweitern von dovecot.conf
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< / a >
< / li >
2021-09-23 20:30:54 +02:00
2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
2021-09-23 20:30:54 +02:00
2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
2022-02-04 14:27:16 +01:00
< a href = "../../manual-guides/Dovecot/u_e-dovecot-any_acl/" class = "md-nav__link" >
Aktivierung von "any" ACL-Einstellungen
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< / a >
< / li >
2021-09-23 20:30:54 +02:00
2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
2021-09-23 20:30:54 +02:00
2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
2022-02-04 14:27:16 +01:00
< a href = "../../manual-guides/Dovecot/u_e-dovecot-expunge/" class = "md-nav__link" >
Löschen der Mails eines Benutzers
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< / a >
< / li >
2021-09-23 20:30:54 +02:00
2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
2021-09-23 20:30:54 +02:00
2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
2022-02-04 14:27:16 +01:00
< a href = "../../manual-guides/Dovecot/u_e-dovecot-fts/" class = "md-nav__link" >
2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
FTS (Solr)
< / a >
< / li >
2021-09-23 20:30:54 +02:00
2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
2021-09-23 20:30:54 +02:00
2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
2022-02-04 14:27:16 +01:00
< a href = "../../manual-guides/Dovecot/u_e-dovecot-idle_interval/" class = "md-nav__link" >
IMAP IDLE-Intervall
2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
< / a >
< / li >
2021-09-23 20:30:54 +02:00
2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
2021-09-23 20:30:54 +02:00
2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
2022-02-04 14:27:16 +01:00
< a href = "../../manual-guides/Dovecot/u_e-dovecot-mail-crypt/" class = "md-nav__link" >
2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
Mail crypt
< / a >
< / li >
2021-09-23 20:30:54 +02:00
2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
2021-09-23 20:30:54 +02:00
2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
2022-02-04 14:27:16 +01:00
< a href = "../../manual-guides/Dovecot/u_e-dovecot-more/" class = "md-nav__link" >
Weitere Beispiele mit DOVEADM
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< / a >
< / li >
2021-09-23 20:30:54 +02:00
2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
2021-09-23 20:30:54 +02:00
2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
2022-02-04 14:27:16 +01:00
< a href = "../../manual-guides/Dovecot/u_e-dovecot-vmail-volume/" class = "md-nav__link" >
Maildir verschieben (vmail)
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< / a >
< / li >
2021-09-23 20:30:54 +02:00
2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
2021-09-23 20:30:54 +02:00
2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
2022-02-04 14:27:16 +01:00
< a href = "../../manual-guides/Dovecot/u_e-dovecot-public_folder/" class = "md-nav__link" >
Öffentliche Ordner
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< / a >
< / li >
2021-09-23 20:30:54 +02:00
2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
2021-09-23 20:30:54 +02:00
2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
2022-02-04 14:27:16 +01:00
< a href = "../../manual-guides/Dovecot/u_e-dovecot-static_master/" class = "md-nav__link" >
Statischer Hauptbenutzer
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< / a >
< / li >
2021-09-23 20:30:54 +02:00
2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
2021-09-23 20:47:28 +02:00
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
2022-02-04 14:27:16 +01:00
< a href = "../../manual-guides/Dovecot/u_e-dovecot-catchall_vacation/" class = "md-nav__link" >
Urlaubsantworten für Catchall-Adressen
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< / a >
< / li >
2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
< / ul >
< / nav >
< / li >
2021-09-23 20:30:54 +02:00
2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
2021-09-23 20:30:54 +02:00
2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
< li class = "md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested" >
< input class = "md-nav__toggle md-toggle" data-md-toggle = "__nav_8_5" type = "checkbox" id = "__nav_8_5" >
2021-09-23 20:30:54 +02:00
< label class = "md-nav__link" for = "__nav_8_5" >
Nginx
< span class = "md-nav__icon md-icon" > < / span >
< / label >
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< nav class = "md-nav" aria-label = "Nginx" data-md-level = "2" >
< label class = "md-nav__title" for = "__nav_8_5" >
< span class = "md-nav__icon md-icon" > < / span >
Nginx
< / label >
< ul class = "md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix >
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../manual-guides/Nginx/u_e-nginx_webmail-site/" class = "md-nav__link" >
Subdomäne webmail.example.org erstellen
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< / a >
< / li >
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2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../manual-guides/Nginx/u_e-nginx_custom/" class = "md-nav__link" >
Benutzerdefinierte Seiten
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< / a >
< / li >
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< / ul >
< / nav >
< / li >
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2021-09-23 20:30:54 +02:00
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2021-10-29 12:30:34 +02:00
< li class = "md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested" >
< input class = "md-nav__toggle md-toggle" data-md-toggle = "__nav_8_6" type = "checkbox" id = "__nav_8_6" >
< label class = "md-nav__link" for = "__nav_8_6" >
Watchdog
< span class = "md-nav__icon md-icon" > < / span >
< / label >
< nav class = "md-nav" aria-label = "Watchdog" data-md-level = "2" >
< label class = "md-nav__title" for = "__nav_8_6" >
< span class = "md-nav__icon md-icon" > < / span >
Watchdog
< / label >
< ul class = "md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix >
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../manual-guides/Watchdog/u_e-watchdog-thresholds/" class = "md-nav__link" >
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Thresholds
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / nav >
< / li >
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../manual-guides/Redis/u_e-redis/" class = "md-nav__link" >
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Redis
< / a >
< / li >
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2021-09-23 20:30:54 +02:00
2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../manual-guides/Rspamd/u_e-rspamd/" class = "md-nav__link" >
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Rspamd
< / a >
< / li >
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2021-09-23 20:30:54 +02:00
2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../manual-guides/SOGo/u_e-sogo/" class = "md-nav__link" >
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SOGo
< / a >
< / li >
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2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
2021-09-23 20:30:54 +02:00
2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
< li class = "md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested" >
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< input class = "md-nav__toggle md-toggle" data-md-toggle = "__nav_8_10" type = "checkbox" id = "__nav_8_10" >
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2021-09-23 20:30:54 +02:00
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< label class = "md-nav__link" for = "__nav_8_10" >
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Docker
< span class = "md-nav__icon md-icon" > < / span >
< / label >
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< nav class = "md-nav" aria-label = "Docker" data-md-level = "2" >
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< label class = "md-nav__title" for = "__nav_8_10" >
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< span class = "md-nav__icon md-icon" > < / span >
Docker
< / label >
< ul class = "md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix >
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../manual-guides/Docker/u_e-docker-cust_dockerfiles/" class = "md-nav__link" >
Dockerfiles anpassen
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< / a >
< / li >
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2021-09-23 20:30:54 +02:00
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../manual-guides/Docker/u_e-docker-dc_bash_compl/" class = "md-nav__link" >
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Docker Compose Bash Completion
< / a >
< / li >
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< / ul >
< / nav >
< / li >
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2021-09-23 20:30:54 +02:00
2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../manual-guides/u_e-why_unbound/" class = "md-nav__link" >
Warum unbound?
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< / a >
< / li >
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2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
2021-09-23 20:30:54 +02:00
2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../manual-guides/u_e-autodiscover_config/" class = "md-nav__link" >
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Autodiscover / Autoconfig
< / a >
< / li >
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2021-09-23 20:30:54 +02:00
2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
2022-02-04 14:27:16 +01:00
< a href = "../../manual-guides/u_e-80_to_443/" class = "md-nav__link" >
HTTP auf HTTPS umleiten
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< / a >
< / li >
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2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
2021-09-23 20:30:54 +02:00
2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../manual-guides/u_e-reeanble-weak-protocols/" class = "md-nav__link" >
TLS 1.0 und TLS 1.1 wieder aktivieren
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< / a >
< / li >
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2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
2021-07-31 00:21:29 +02:00
2021-09-23 20:30:54 +02:00
2021-07-31 00:21:29 +02:00
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../manual-guides/u_e-update-hooks/" class = "md-nav__link" >
Skripte vor und nach Aktualisierungen ausführen
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< / a >
< / li >
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2021-07-31 00:21:29 +02:00
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< / ul >
< / nav >
< / li >
< li class = "md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested" >
< input class = "md-nav__toggle md-toggle" data-md-toggle = "__nav_9" type = "checkbox" id = "__nav_9" >
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< label class = "md-nav__link" for = "__nav_9" >
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Client-Konfiguration
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< span class = "md-nav__icon md-icon" > < / span >
< / label >
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< nav class = "md-nav" aria-label = "Client-Konfiguration" data-md-level = "1" >
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< label class = "md-nav__title" for = "__nav_9" >
< span class = "md-nav__icon md-icon" > < / span >
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Client-Konfiguration
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< / label >
< ul class = "md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix >
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2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../client/client/" class = "md-nav__link" >
Ãœbersicht
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< / a >
< / li >
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2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
2021-09-23 20:30:54 +02:00
2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../client/client-android/" class = "md-nav__link" >
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Android
< / a >
< / li >
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2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
2021-09-23 20:30:54 +02:00
2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../client/client-apple/" class = "md-nav__link" >
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Apple macOS / iOS
< / a >
< / li >
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2021-09-23 20:30:54 +02:00
2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../client/client-emclient/" class = "md-nav__link" >
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eM Client
< / a >
< / li >
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2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
2021-09-23 20:30:54 +02:00
2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../client/client-kontact/" class = "md-nav__link" >
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KDE Kontact
< / a >
< / li >
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2021-09-23 20:30:54 +02:00
2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../client/client-outlook/" class = "md-nav__link" >
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Microsoft Outlook
< / a >
< / li >
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2021-09-23 20:30:54 +02:00
2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../client/client-thunderbird/" class = "md-nav__link" >
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Mozilla Thunderbird
< / a >
< / li >
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2021-09-23 20:30:54 +02:00
2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../client/client-windows/" class = "md-nav__link" >
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Windows Mail
< / a >
< / li >
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2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
2021-09-23 20:30:54 +02:00
2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../client/client-manual/" class = "md-nav__link" >
Manuelle Konfiguration
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< / a >
< / li >
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2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
< / ul >
< / nav >
< / li >
< li class = "md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested" >
< input class = "md-nav__toggle md-toggle" data-md-toggle = "__nav_10" type = "checkbox" id = "__nav_10" >
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< label class = "md-nav__link" for = "__nav_10" >
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Anwendungen von Drittanbietern
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< span class = "md-nav__icon md-icon" > < / span >
< / label >
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< nav class = "md-nav" aria-label = "Anwendungen von Drittanbietern" data-md-level = "1" >
2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
< label class = "md-nav__title" for = "__nav_10" >
< span class = "md-nav__icon md-icon" > < / span >
2022-02-04 14:27:16 +01:00
Anwendungen von Drittanbietern
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< / label >
< ul class = "md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix >
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2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
2021-04-25 09:08:57 +02:00
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
2022-02-04 14:27:16 +01:00
< a href = "../../third_party/third_party-borgmatic/" class = "md-nav__link" >
Borgmatic-Sicherung
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< / a >
< / li >
2021-09-23 20:30:54 +02:00
2021-04-25 09:08:57 +02:00
2021-09-23 20:30:54 +02:00
2021-04-25 09:08:57 +02:00
2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
2022-02-04 14:27:16 +01:00
< a href = "../../third_party/third_party-exchange_onprem/" class = "md-nav__link" >
2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
Exchange Hybrid Setup
< / a >
< / li >
2021-09-23 20:30:54 +02:00
2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
2021-09-23 20:30:54 +02:00
2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../third_party/third_party-gitea/" class = "md-nav__link" >
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Gitea
< / a >
< / li >
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2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
2021-09-23 20:30:54 +02:00
2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
2022-02-04 14:27:16 +01:00
< a href = "../../third_party/third_party-gogs/" class = "md-nav__link" >
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Gogs
< / a >
< / li >
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2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
2021-09-23 20:30:54 +02:00
2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
2022-02-04 14:27:16 +01:00
< a href = "../../third_party/third_party-mailman3/" class = "md-nav__link" >
2021-10-04 11:54:04 +02:00
Mailman 3
2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
< / a >
< / li >
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2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
2021-09-23 20:30:54 +02:00
2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
2022-02-04 14:27:16 +01:00
< a href = "../../third_party/third_party-mailpiler_integration/" class = "md-nav__link" >
2021-10-02 22:01:42 +02:00
Mailpiler Integration
2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
< / a >
< / li >
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2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
2021-09-23 20:30:54 +02:00
2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
2022-02-04 14:27:16 +01:00
< a href = "../../third_party/third_party-nextcloud/" class = "md-nav__link" >
2021-10-02 22:01:42 +02:00
Nextcloud
2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
< / a >
< / li >
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2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
2021-09-23 20:30:54 +02:00
2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
2022-02-04 14:27:16 +01:00
< a href = "../../third_party/third_party-portainer/" class = "md-nav__link" >
2021-10-02 22:01:42 +02:00
Portainer
2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
< / a >
< / li >
2021-09-23 20:30:54 +02:00
2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
2021-09-23 20:30:54 +02:00
2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
2022-02-04 14:27:16 +01:00
< a href = "../../third_party/third_party-roundcube/" class = "md-nav__link" >
2021-10-02 22:01:42 +02:00
Roundcube
2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
< / a >
< / li >
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2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
< / ul >
< / nav >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / nav >
< / div >
< / div >
< / div >
< div class = "md-sidebar md-sidebar--secondary" data-md-component = "sidebar" data-md-type = "toc" >
< div class = "md-sidebar__scrollwrap" >
< div class = "md-sidebar__inner" >
2021-10-28 18:33:35 +02:00
2022-02-04 14:27:16 +01:00
< nav class = "md-nav md-nav--secondary" aria-label = "Inhaltsverzeichnis" >
2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
2021-04-20 22:16:43 +02:00
2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
< label class = "md-nav__title" for = "__toc" >
< span class = "md-nav__icon md-icon" > < / span >
2022-02-04 14:27:16 +01:00
Inhaltsverzeichnis
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< / label >
< ul class = "md-nav__list" data-md-component = "toc" data-md-scrollfix >
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
2022-02-04 14:27:16 +01:00
< a href = "#referenzen" class = "md-nav__link" >
Referenzen
2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
2022-02-04 14:27:16 +01:00
< a href = "#reverse-dns-ihrer-ip-adresse" class = "md-nav__link" >
Reverse DNS Ihrer IP-Adresse
2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
2022-02-04 14:27:16 +01:00
< a href = "#die-minimale-dns-konfiguration" class = "md-nav__link" >
Die minimale DNS-Konfiguration
2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
2022-02-04 14:27:16 +01:00
< a href = "#dkim-spf-und-dmarc" class = "md-nav__link" >
DKIM, SPF und DMARC
2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
2022-02-04 14:27:16 +01:00
< a href = "#die-erweiterte-dns-konfiguration" class = "md-nav__link" >
Die erweiterte DNS-Konfiguration
2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
2022-02-04 14:27:16 +01:00
< a href = "#testen" class = "md-nav__link" >
Testen
2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
2022-02-04 14:27:16 +01:00
< a href = "#verschiedenes" class = "md-nav__link" >
Verschiedenes
2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
< / a >
2022-02-04 14:27:16 +01:00
< nav class = "md-nav" aria-label = "Verschiedenes" >
2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
< ul class = "md-nav__list" >
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
2022-02-04 14:27:16 +01:00
< a href = "#optionale-dmarc-statistiken" class = "md-nav__link" >
Optionale DMARC-Statistiken
2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
2022-02-04 14:27:16 +01:00
< a href = "#e-mail-test-fur-spf-dkim-und-dmarc" class = "md-nav__link" >
E-Mail-Test für SPF, DKIM und DMARC:
2021-04-01 12:20:45 +02:00
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
< a href = "#fully-qualified-domain-name-fqdn" class = "md-nav__link" >
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< h1 > DNS Einstellungen< / h1 >
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< p > Nachstehend finden Sie eine Liste von < strong > empfohlenen DNS-Einträgen< / strong > . Einige sind für einen Mailserver obligatorisch (A, MX), andere werden empfohlen, um eine gute Reputation aufzubauen (TXT/SPF) oder für die automatische Konfiguration von Mailclients verwendet (SRV).< / p >
< h2 id = "referenzen" > Referenzen< a class = "headerlink" href = "#referenzen" title = "Permanent link" > ¶ < / a > < / h2 >
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< ul >
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< li > Ein guter Artikel, der alle relevanten Themen abdeckt:
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< a href = "https://www.rackaid.com/blog/email-dns-records" > "3 DNS Records Every Email Marketer Must Know"< / a > < / li >
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< li > Ein weiterer guter Artikel, aber mit Zimbra als Beispielplattform:
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< a href = "https://wiki.zimbra.com/wiki/Best_Practices_on_Email_Protection:_SPF,_DKIM_and_DMARC" > "Best Practices on Email Protection: SPF, DKIM and DMARC"< / a > < / li >
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< li > Eine ausführliche Diskussion über SPF, DKIM und DMARC:
< a href = "https://www.skelleton.net/2015/03/21/how-to-eliminate-spam-and-protect-your-name-with-dmarc/" > "Wie Sie Spam beseitigen und Ihren Namen mit DMARC schützen"< / a > < / li >
< li > Ein ausführlicher Leitfaden zum Verständnis von DMARC:
< a href = "https://seanthegeek.net/459/demystifying-dmarc/" > "Entmystifizierung von DMARC: Ein Leitfaden zur Verhinderung von E-Mail-Spoofing"< / a > < / li >
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< / ul >
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< h2 id = "reverse-dns-ihrer-ip-adresse" > Reverse DNS Ihrer IP-Adresse< a class = "headerlink" href = "#reverse-dns-ihrer-ip-adresse" title = "Permanent link" > ¶ < / a > < / h2 >
< p > Stellen Sie sicher, dass der PTR-Eintrag Ihrer IP-Adresse mit dem FQDN Ihres mailcow-Hosts übereinstimmt: < code > ${MAILCOW_HOSTNAME}< / code > < sup id = "fnref:1" > < a class = "footnote-ref" href = "#fn:1" > 1< / a > < / sup > . Dieser Eintrag wird normalerweise bei dem Provider gesetzt, von dem Sie die IP-Adresse (Server) gemietet haben.< / p >
< h2 id = "die-minimale-dns-konfiguration" > Die minimale DNS-Konfiguration< a class = "headerlink" href = "#die-minimale-dns-konfiguration" title = "Permanent link" > ¶ < / a > < / h2 >
< p > Dieses Beispiel zeigt Ihnen eine Reihe von Einträgen für eine von mailcow verwaltete Domain. Jede Domain, die zu mailcow hinzugefügt wird, benötigt mindestens diesen Satz an Einträgen, um korrekt zu funktionieren.< / p >
< div class = "highlight" > < pre > < span > < / span > < code > # Name Typ Wert
mail IN A 1.2.3.4
autodiscover IN CNAME mail.example.org. (Ihr ${MAILCOW_HOSTNAME})
autoconfig IN CNAME mail.example.org. (Ihr ${MAILCOW_HOSTNAME})
@ IN MX 10 mail.example.org. (Ihr ${MAILCOW_HOSTNAME})
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< / code > < / pre > < / div >
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< h2 id = "dkim-spf-und-dmarc" > DKIM, SPF und DMARC< a class = "headerlink" href = "#dkim-spf-und-dmarc" title = "Permanent link" > ¶ < / a > < / h2 >
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< p > Im folgenden Beispiel für eine DNS-Zonendatei wird ein einfacher < strong > SPF< / strong > TXT-Eintrag verwendet, um nur DIESEM Server (dem MX) zu erlauben, E-Mails für Ihre Domäne zu senden. Jeder andere Server ist nicht zugelassen, kann es aber tun ("< code > ~all< / code > "). Weitere Informationen finden Sie im < a href = "http://www.open-spf.org/" > SPF-Projekt< / a > .< / p >
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< div class = "highlight" > < pre > < span > < / span > < code > # Name Typ Wert
@ IN TXT " v=spf1 mx a -all"
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< / code > < / pre > < / div >
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< p > Es wird dringend empfohlen, einen < strong > DKIM< / strong > TXT-Eintrag in Ihrer mailcow UI zu erstellen und den entsprechenden TXT-Eintrag in Ihren DNS-Einträgen zu setzen. Bitte lesen Sie < a href = "http://www.opendkim.org" > OpenDKIM< / a > für weitere Informationen.< / p >
< div class = "highlight" > < pre > < span > < / span > < code > # Name Typ Wert
dkim._domainkey IN TXT " v=DKIM1; k=rsa; t=s; s=email; p=..."
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< / code > < / pre > < / div >
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< p > Der letzte Schritt, um sich selbst und andere zu schützen, ist die Implementierung eines < strong > DMARC< / strong > TXT-Datensatzes, zum Beispiel mit Hilfe des < a href = "http://www.kitterman.com/dmarc/assistant.html" > DMARC-Assistenten< / a > (< a href = "https://dmarcian.com/dmarc-inspector/google.com" > check< / a > ).< / p >
< div class = "highlight" > < pre > < span > < / span > < code > # Name Typ Wert
_dmarc IN TXT " v=DMARC1; p=reject; rua=mailto:mailauth-reports@example.org"
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< / code > < / pre > < / div >
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< h2 id = "die-erweiterte-dns-konfiguration" > Die erweiterte DNS-Konfiguration< a class = "headerlink" href = "#die-erweiterte-dns-konfiguration" title = "Permanent link" > ¶ < / a > < / h2 >
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< p > < strong > SRV< / strong > -Einträge geben den/die Server für ein bestimmtes Protokoll in Ihrer Domäne an. Wenn Sie einen Dienst explizit als nicht bereitgestellt ankündigen wollen, geben Sie "." als Zieladresse an (statt "mail.example.org."). Bitte beachten Sie < a href = "https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc2782" > RFC 2782< / a > .< / p >
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< div class = "highlight" > < pre > < span > < / span > < code > # Name Typ Priorität Gewicht Port Wert
_autodiscover._tcp IN SRV 0 1 443 mail.example.org. (Ihr ${MAILCOW_HOSTNAME})
_caldavs._tcp IN SRV 0 1 443 mail.example.org. (Ihr ${MAILCOW_HOSTNAME})
_caldavs._tcp IN TXT " path=/SOGo/dav/"
_carddavs._tcp IN SRV 0 1 443 mail.example.org. (Ihr ${MAILCOW_HOSTNAME})
_carddavs._tcp IN TXT " path=/SOGo/dav/"
_imap._tcp IN SRV 0 1 143 mail.example.org. (Ihr ${MAILCOW_HOSTNAME})
_imaps._tcp IN SRV 0 1 993 mail.example.org. (Ihr ${MAILCOW_HOSTNAME})
_pop3._tcp IN SRV 0 1 110 mail.example.org. (Ihr ${MAILCOW_HOSTNAME})
_pop3s._tcp IN SRV 0 1 995 mail.example.org. (Ihr ${MAILCOW_HOSTNAME})
_sieve._tcp IN SRV 0 1 4190 mail.example.org. (Ihr ${MAILCOW_HOSTNAME})
_smtps._tcp IN SRV 0 1 465 mail.example.org. (Ihr ${MAILCOW_HOSTNAME})
_submission._tcp IN SRV 0 1 587 mail.example.org. (Ihr ${MAILCOW_HOSTNAME})
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< h2 id = "testen" > Testen< a class = "headerlink" href = "#testen" title = "Permanent link" > ¶ < / a > < / h2 >
< p > Hier finden Sie einige Tools, mit denen Sie Ihre DNS-Konfiguration überprüfen können:< / p >
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< ul >
< li > < a href = "https://mxtoolbox.com/SuperTool.aspx" > MX Toolbox< / a > (DNS, SMTP, RBL)< / li >
< li > < a href = "https://www.port25.com/dkim-wizard/" > port25.com< / a > (DKIM, SPF)< / li >
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< li > < a href = "https://www.mail-tester.com/" > Mail-Tester< / a > (DKIM, DMARC, SPF)< / li >
< li > < a href = "https://www.dmarcanalyzer.com/spf/checker/" > DMARC-Analysator< / a > (DMARC, SPF)< / li >
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< li > < a href = "http://multirbl.valli.org/" > MultiRBL.valli.org< / a > (DNSBL, RBL, FCrDNS)< / li >
< / ul >
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< h2 id = "verschiedenes" > Verschiedenes< a class = "headerlink" href = "#verschiedenes" title = "Permanent link" > ¶ < / a > < / h2 >
< h3 id = "optionale-dmarc-statistiken" > Optionale DMARC-Statistiken< a class = "headerlink" href = "#optionale-dmarc-statistiken" title = "Permanent link" > ¶ < / a > < / h3 >
< p > Wenn Sie an Statistiken interessiert sind, können Sie sich zusätzlich bei einem der vielen unten aufgeführten DMARC-Statistikdienste anmelden - oder Ihre eigene Statistik selbst hosten.< / p >
< div class = "admonition tipp" >
< p class = "admonition-title" > Tipp< / p >
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< / div >
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< p > Es ist zu bedenken, dass wenn Sie DMARC-Statistik-Berichte an Ihren mailcow-Server anfordern und Ihr mailcow-Server nicht korrekt für den Empfang dieser Berichte konfiguriert ist, Sie möglicherweise keine genauen und vollständigen Ergebnisse erhalten. Bitte erwägen Sie die Verwendung einer alternativen E-Mail-Domain für den Empfang von DMARC-Berichten.< / p >
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< p > Es ist erwähnenswert, dass die folgenden Vorschläge keine umfassende Liste aller verfügbaren Dienste und Tools sind, sondern nur eine kleine Auswahl der vielen Möglichkeiten.< / p >
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< ul >
< li > < a href = "https://gmail.com/postmaster" > Postmaster Tool< / a > < / li >
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< li > < a href = "https://github.com/domainaware/parsedmarc" > parsedmarc< / a > (selbst gehostet)< / li >
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< li > < a href = "https://fraudmarc.com/" > Fraudmarc< / a > < / li >
< li > < a href = "https://dmarc.postmarkapp.com" > Postmark< / a > < / li >
< li > < a href = "https://dmarcian.com/" > Dmarcian< / a > < / li >
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< p class = "admonition-title" > Tipp< / p >
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< p > Diese Dienste stellen Ihnen möglicherweise einen TXT-Eintrag zur Verfügung, den Sie in Ihre DNS-Einträge einfügen müssen, so wie es der Anbieter vorschreibt. Bitte stellen Sie sicher, dass Sie die Dokumentation des Anbieters des von Ihnen gewählten Dienstes lesen, da dieser Prozess variieren kann.< / p >
< h3 id = "e-mail-test-fur-spf-dkim-und-dmarc" > E-Mail-Test für SPF, DKIM und DMARC:< a class = "headerlink" href = "#e-mail-test-fur-spf-dkim-und-dmarc" title = "Permanent link" > ¶ < / a > < / h3 >
< p > Um eine rudimentäre E-Mail-Authentifizierungsprüfung durchzuführen, senden Sie eine E-Mail an < code > check-auth at verifier.port25.com< / code > und warten Sie auf eine Antwort. Sie werden einen Bericht ähnlich dem folgenden finden:< / p >
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< div class = "highlight" > < pre > < span > < / span > < code > ==========================================================
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Zusammenfassung der Ergebnisse
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==========================================================
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SPF-Prüfung: bestanden
" iprev" -Prüfung: bestanden
DKIM-Prüfung: bestanden
DKIM-Prüfung: bestanden
SpamAssassin-Prüfung: ham
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==========================================================
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Einzelheiten:
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==========================================================
....
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< p > Der vollständige Bericht enthält weitere technische Details.< / p >
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< h3 id = "fully-qualified-domain-name-fqdn" > Fully Qualified Domain Name (FQDN)< a class = "headerlink" href = "#fully-qualified-domain-name-fqdn" title = "Permanent link" > ¶ < / a > < / h3 >
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< p > Ein < strong > Fully Qualified Domain Name< / strong > (< strong > FQDN< / strong > ) ist der vollständige (absolute) Domänenname für einen bestimmten Computer oder Host im Internet. Der FQDN besteht aus mindestens drei Teilen, die durch einen Punkt getrennt sind: dem Hostnamen, dem Domänennamen und der Top Level Domain (kurz < strong > TLD< / strong > ). Im Beispiel < code > mx.mailcow.email< / code > wäre der Hostname < code > mx< / code > , der Domainname < code > mailcow< / code > und die TLD < code > email< / code > .  < a class = "footnote-backref" href = "#fnref:1" title = "Jump back to footnote 1 in the text" > ↩ < / a > < / p >
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< svg xmlns = "http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox = "0 0 480 512" > <!-- ! Font Awesome Free 6.0.0 by @fontawesome - https://fontawesome.com License - https://fontawesome.com/license/free (Icons: CC BY 4.0, Fonts: SIL OFL 1.1, Code: MIT License) Copyright 2022 Fonticons, Inc. --> < path d = "M186.1 328.7c0 20.9-10.9 55.1-36.7 55.1s-36.7-34.2-36.7-55.1 10.9-55.1 36.7-55.1 36.7 34.2 36.7 55.1zM480 278.2c0 31.9-3.2 65.7-17.5 95-37.9 76.6-142.1 74.8-216.7 74.8-75.8 0-186.2 2.7-225.6-74.8-14.6-29-20.2-63.1-20.2-95 0-41.9 13.9-81.5 41.5-113.6-5.2-15.8-7.7-32.4-7.7-48.8 0-21.5 4.9-32.3 14.6-51.8 45.3 0 74.3 9 108.8 36 29-6.9 58.8-10 88.7-10 27 0 54.2 2.9 80.4 9.2 34-26.7 63-35.2 107.8-35.2 9.8 19.5 14.6 30.3 14.6 51.8 0 16.4-2.6 32.7-7.7 48.2 27.5 32.4 39 72.3 39 114.2zm-64.3 50.5c0-43.9-26.7-82.6-73.5-82.6-18.9 0-37 3.4-56 6-14.9 2.3-29.8 3.2-45.1 3.2-15.2 0-30.1-.9-45.1-3.2-18.7-2.6-37-6-56-6-46.8 0-73.5 38.7-73.5 82.6 0 87.8 80.4 101.3 150.4 101.3h48.2c70.3 0 150.6-13.4 150.6-101.3zm-82.6-55.1c-25.8 0-36.7 34.2-36.7 55.1s10.9 55.1 36.7 55.1 36.7-34.2 36.7-55.1-10.9-55.1-36.7-55.1z" / > < / svg >
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< svg xmlns = "http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox = "0 0 512 512" > <!-- ! Font Awesome Free 6.0.0 by @fontawesome - https://fontawesome.com License - https://fontawesome.com/license/free (Icons: CC BY 4.0, Fonts: SIL OFL 1.1, Code: MIT License) Copyright 2022 Fonticons, Inc. --> < path d = "M459.37 151.716c.325 4.548.325 9.097.325 13.645 0 138.72-105.583 298.558-298.558 298.558-59.452 0-114.68-17.219-161.137-47.106 8.447.974 16.568 1.299 25.34 1.299 49.055 0 94.213-16.568 130.274-44.832-46.132-.975-84.792-31.188-98.112-72.772 6.498.974 12.995 1.624 19.818 1.624 9.421 0 18.843-1.3 27.614-3.573-48.081-9.747-84.143-51.98-84.143-102.985v-1.299c13.969 7.797 30.214 12.67 47.431 13.319-28.264-18.843-46.781-51.005-46.781-87.391 0-19.492 5.197-37.36 14.294-52.954 51.655 63.675 129.3 105.258 216.365 109.807-1.624-7.797-2.599-15.918-2.599-24.04 0-57.828 46.782-104.934 104.934-104.934 30.213 0 57.502 12.67 76.67 33.137 23.715-4.548 46.456-13.32 66.599-25.34-7.798 24.366-24.366 44.833-46.132 57.827 21.117-2.273 41.584-8.122 60.426-16.243-14.292 20.791-32.161 39.308-52.628 54.253z" / > < / svg >
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